Glossary

← All Insights

Numbers

10 U.S.C. 130c

A statute that can protect a purchaser’s sensitive sales information from public release. From When a sales case is classified

1149 packet

The pre-delivery packet with monitored serial numbers, a handover annex and a tentative date. From The consolidation point and delivery by air

11X8242

The Treasury account of the Foreign Military Sales Trust Fund, cited in full as 97 11X8242. From The Treasury accounts behind Foreign Military Sales

150 percent test

A base-origin item is unreasonable in cost if it exceeds 150 percent of the foreign offered price, and the rule is then waived. From Items tied to the national industrial base

179 days

The line between temporary duty and a permanent change of station, and the ceiling on a mobile team. From The teams sent to a partner country

20 and 30 percent

The factors where the lowest domestic offer is from a large or a small business. From Pricing a domestic offer against a foreign one

20 percent addition

The factor, unless the agency head sets a higher one, added for foreign material proposed on unreasonable cost grounds. From Construction material requests and noncompliance

$200

The estimated value below which a report is not processed for compensation. From Supply discrepancy reports and the deadlines on them

$200,000 threshold

The value at or below which the restrictions do not apply, except for recruit athletic footwear. From Berry Amendment food, clothing and textiles

30-day rule

Non-CAAF are registered by name after at least 30 consecutive days on a Defense contract, subject to exceptions. From Tracking and recovering deployed contractors

50 percent rule

The time test that decides whether a post is funded by the state or defense department. From The security cooperation organization

50 percent test

The cost gap above which foreign construction material may be used abroad. From The Balance of Payments Program overseas

A foreign device may be used if its cost plus 50 percent is below the domestic cost. From Solar devices in Defense energy and housing contracts

$50,000

The recommended use of case funds above which the agency itself decides the report. From Supply discrepancy reports and the deadlines on them

505 Agreement

The bilateral agreement under 22 U.S.C. 2314 that must exist before assistance is provided. From What Building Partner Capacity is and who the customer is

55 percent fallback

Treating a United States-made offer above 55 percent domestic content as domestic, until 2030. From Pricing a domestic offer against a foreign one

632(b) agreement

The instrument that moves state funds to the defense department for execution. From Where the money comes from, and when it runs out

99 percent rate

The submunition functioning rate below which cluster munitions may not move. From What may not be purchased, and the exceptions

A

AA&E

Arms, ammunition and explosives, which carry a required transportation plan. SAMM C8.3.3. From Routine and enhanced end use monitoring

Abnormal balance

A figure in the billing system that is atypical of what the case values should be. From Reconciling an active case

Above fiscal guidance

A request for more than the target issued in planning guidance. From How the administrative budget is built

Above-the-line charge

A specific service estimated separately on the offer, such as escorted or premium transport. From How prices are estimated on an offer

Above-the-line cost

A service beyond routine support, charged on its own case line with an auditable method. From Pricing duties and above-the-line costs

Above-the-line transport

A discrete cost, such as special airlift, charged to the case through the delivery transaction. From How transportation costs are billed

ABS

Assessment and budget submittal, the annual package each combatant command sends. SAMM C12.2.5.2. From How a humanitarian assistance project is approved

Absorption capacity

Whether a partner can actually use the equipment, assessed by the command for the new recipient. From Redirecting equipment to another partner

How much training a partner can take on, given its people and timelines. From How the annual training working group works

Access information

Keys, codes or passwords that open encrypted technical data. From What counts as an export under the ITAR

Accessorial

Containerization, storage in transit, escorts and similar, all charged separately. From Notices of availability and what transport costs

Accessorial costs

Packing, crating and handling, transportation, port handling and staging. From How prices are estimated on an offer

Account 1003

The trust fund ledger account used only for termination liability reserves. From How a payment schedule is built

Account sponsor

The office that vouches for a new OHASIS user, usually the SCO. From Managing and reporting humanitarian programs

ACCP

Accelerated case closure procedures, which allow closure with obligations outstanding. From How a case is reconciled and closed

The accelerated case closure procedures, which allow closure with estimated remaining obligations. From The accounting steps in closing a case

Accrual ceilings

The annual limits on reimbursable liabilities and credits, waived for contingency and non-combat operations. From Paying for cross-servicing transactions

Acquisition planning

The pre-request work of fitting a purchase to a partner budget and to production reality. From Planning and advice before a request

Acquisition planning authority

Permission to prepare contract documents before implementation, provided nothing commits the government or obligates funds. From What a buyer may say about the contract

Actionable

The state at which case development may begin, set by thirteen criteria. From Before a letter of request

Active duty requirement

The rule that Guard members abroad are funded only if on active duty at the time. From State partnerships and centers of excellence

Active protection system

A shipborne system that detects incoming threats and launches a countermeasure before contact. From USML Categories VI and XX: naval vessels

Actual value

Acquisition cost less depreciation, the price where no replacement is intended. From Pricing equipment sold from stock

Acquisition cost less depreciation, charged when the article will not be replaced. From How items sold from stock are priced

Additional cost

The increase in training cost caused by adding international students, used for Rates C to E. From How an additional cost tuition rate is built

Adequate consideration

What the government negotiates when allowing foreign material after award. From Construction material requests and noncompliance

Adherent enforcement

Action by an adherent that can displace American sanctions once certified. From Missile sanctions on foreign persons

Adjusted SSC Value (ASSV)

The minimum value needed to cover actual cost and reasonable adjustments at SSC. From Supply complete, and reducing a case

Adjustment factor

An allowance for growth, inflation and sales or shipment trends used in setting an upper control. From The contract administration and transportation accounts

Adjustment reply code

The code a component uses to report the action taken on a discrepancy report. From The billing statement and delivery listing

Administrative control

What the embassy office exercises over a team in country, as distinct from the mission itself. SAMM C10.22.11. From Who a deployed team answers to

Administrative debarment

A bar on regulated activity for a violation, generally three years, decided under part 128. From Penalties, debarment and the presumption of denial

Administrative expenses

Costs of running assistance programs, as distinct from the assistance itself. From What assistance administrative funds may pay for

Administrative Law Judge

The Department of State judge who hears the case and reports with advisory recommendations. From How an export enforcement case is heard

Administrative services and support

Office space, utilities, installation services, computer support and orientation training for liaison personnel. From Personnel exchanges and liaison officers

Administrative surcharge

3.2 percent on lines implemented on or after 1 June 2018. SAMM Table C9.T4. From What goes into the price, and what can be waived

The percentage charge on case lines that recovers the cost of administering sales. From How the administrative surcharge is applied

Administrative surcharge account

The trust fund account that receives the administrative surcharge and pays for running the program. From Managing the administrative surcharge account

Administrative withholding

Recovery by offsetting amounts owed to a person by any federal agency. From False claims, improper payments and patent claims

Advance of funds

Payment before an agency furnishes services or commodities. From Allocating assistance funds to other agencies

Advance payment

Payment in dollars that a country makes before an agency furnishes services or commodities outside program funds. From Antiterrorism assistance for foreign law enforcement

Advance TLA

Money issued before departure, a minimum of two weeks and up to thirty days. From Living allowance, healthcare and dependents

Adverse financial condition

An imbalance between authority, obligations and disbursements that must be reported unless exempt. From Problem disbursements and unpaid bills on an active case

A reportable state in which one purchaser’s cash summary account is in deficit. From Cash management in the trust fund

A reportable imbalance in case records that is not necessarily an ADA violation. From Year end, write-offs and the Antideficiency Act

Advisory opinion

A written, non-binding indication of whether a license would likely be granted, or how a rule reads. From Commodity jurisdiction and the order of review

A State Department view on whether a proposed activity would bring sanctions. From Missile sanctions on foreign persons

AECA

Arms Export Control Act, the statute authorising the program. Codified at 22 U.S.C. 2751 and following. From What Foreign Military Sales is and who takes part

Affiliate

A person linked to a registrant by control or common control. From ITAR definitions that set the level of control

AFM

Accompanying family member, screened alongside the student. From Screening an international military student

After action report

The donor’s report after delivery, needed to stay eligible. From Shipping donated humanitarian cargo

Agent

One of two named procurement bodies permitted to buy on behalf of countries. SAMM C5.8.3.1.1. From Buying through an agent

Agent for receipt

The one recognized agency role: receiving government furnished items, spares or support for commercial work. From Agents, commissions and contingent fees

Aggregated amounts table

The table giving a dollar figure for each of nine authorities. From The annual security cooperation report

Aggregated totals table

The table counting people, programs and events under eleven items. From The annual security cooperation report

Airlift worksheet

The cost estimate and comparison with surface transport needed to propose airlift. From Buying and shipping humanitarian project equipment

Allocable cost

A cost assignable to a contract under the cost principles in FAR part 31. From The United States position on offsets and cost recovery

Allocation

The transfer of assistance funds to another agency to carry out the Act. From Allocating assistance funds to other agencies

Allocation notice

The report within 30 days of an appropriation showing each recipient’s share. From Standing bars, caps and winding up

Allocation plan

The mechanism used where requests for an item exceed the assets available. From The conditions on an excess defense articles transfer

Allotment

The funding DSCA issues to each component for its approved administrative budget. From Accounting for administrative funds

A grant of case contract authority to a component, used with expenditure authority. From How a case is accounted for

Allowable cost

A cost the contract will actually pay. An unapproved fee is expressly excluded from this. From Agents, commissions and contingent fees

Alternate content test

Fixing the award-date threshold for a whole contract, with senior procurement executive approval. From Pricing a domestic offer against a foreign one

Alternate funds return

The process for returning BPC funds when a case cannot close by July 31. From The accounting steps in closing a case

Alternate offer

An offer using equivalent domestic material, to avoid rejection of the whole offer. From Construction material requests and noncompliance

Amendment

A change in scope, requiring the partner's signature. From Amendments and modifications

The instrument used where the change moves the scope of the case. SAMM Table AP9.T2. From Changing a case, and the scope test

American person

A lawful permanent resident, protected individual, American-incorporated entity or American government entity. From Dual national and third-country national employees

A citizen, permanent resident alien or American business, and others while in the United States. From The terrorism ban for companies and its waiver

Anchor chain rule

United States manufacture and more than 50 percent domestic component cost. From Items tied to the national industrial base

Angle random walk

A gyroscope performance measure, controlled here at better than 0.001 degrees per square root hour. From USML Category XII: guidance, navigation and components

Annual brokering report

A yearly report of all brokering activities, participants and consideration, or a nil return. From Broker filings, guidance and annual reports

Annual case review

The required yearly review of each case, documented on a signed checklist. From Reconciling an active case

Annual command rate

DCMA’s ratio of sales to total net contract disbursements, set by August 1 for the next fiscal year. From How contract administration costs are billed

Annual reconciliation

The yearly matching of credits and liabilities under a communications arrangement. From Exchanging support and medical care with allies

Anti-tamper

Technologies incorporated to protect critical program information in a delivered system. SAMM C3.6.1. From Anti-tamper and system specific release requirements

Antideficiency Act (ADA)

The statute on spending beyond authority, applied to the trust fund as appropriated funds. From Year end, write-offs and the Antideficiency Act

Antiterrorism assistance

Training, equipment and commodities that help foreign law enforcement deter terrorism, resolve incidents and apprehend those involved. From Antiterrorism assistance for foreign law enforcement

Apportionment

The country by country release of appropriated IMET funds by the Office of Management and Budget. From Planning and funding the IMET year

Appropriation

Money made available by an act of Congress for a fiscal year, here under the Foreign Military Financing Program heading. From How Foreign Military Financing is appropriated and notified

A law conferring authority to incur obligations for a specified purpose. SAMM C11.3.2. From Where the money comes from, and when it runs out

Approval as modified

An approval that depends on changes set out in DSCA’s notification letter. From Setting up a standby letter of credit

Approved community

The American and partner communities together, among which treaty items may move. From How the defense trade treaties work

Approved program list

The public list of foreign persons and satellite programs the regime covers. From Suspensions, satellite parts and underwater vehicles

Area of combat operations

An area the Secretary of Defense designates for enhanced coordination of security contractors. From Private security functions under the FAR and DFARS

Arming authority

The combatant commander or designee who can authorize civilians to be armed. From How private security contractors are governed

Arming request

The request, with six required elements, to authorize security personnel to carry weapons. From Arming and accounting for private security personnel

Armored ground vehicle

A vehicle with an integrated armored hull or cab, or add-on armor to level III or better. From USML Category VII: ground vehicles

Armored support vehicle

An armored off-road or amphibious vehicle designed to carry troops or materiel or support combat vehicles. From USML Category VII: ground vehicles

Arrears report

The report on a country’s United Nations delinquency and its assurance to pay. From Standing bars, caps and winding up

As is

A purchase with no assurance of serviceability, stated in the case document. From What may be purchased, and on what terms

As is condition

The state in which redirected equipment ships, which the new partner must acknowledge in writing. From Redirecting equipment to another partner

As is, where is

The basis of transfer, carrying no warranty of condition and no delivery obligation. SAMM EDA.2.6. From Who pays for an excess defense articles transfer

Assessment, monitoring and evaluation

The standing program that assesses partners, tracks execution and evaluates outcomes. From How Defense Department security cooperation is managed

Asset use charge

A charge on sales for the use of government-owned plant and equipment. From How the Special Defense Acquisition Fund works

ATARES

The Air Transport and Air-to-Air Refueling and other Exchanges of Services program, capped at 500 flight hours. From Airlift, refueling, test ranges and overseas repair

ATEA

The anti-tamper executive agent, whose written approval gates both offer and export. From Anti-tamper and system specific release requirements

Attrition surcharge

A charge on certain training cases that pays to replace equipment damaged through student negligence. From How the trust fund keeps its books

Authority

Permission to act, which delivers nothing until an appropriation follows. From Security cooperation and security assistance

Authorization to sell

NSA’s written approval to include a product on a sales offer. From Releasing secure communications equipment

Authorized end use

One of the four uses the treaty names, identified publicly, in writing or by contract. From How the defense trade treaties work

Authorized expenditures

Project costs NATO has agreed to fund. From NATO support programs and foreign project contributions

Authorized government support

Government support the contract permits, at the level its terms state. From What the contract can and cannot do abroad

Authorized User

An Australian or British entity listed on the Directorate’s website as eligible under the trilateral exemption. From Streamlined pathways for close allies

Authorizing resolution

The joint resolution Congress must pass before a waiver of the first two triggers. From Sanctions for nuclear explosive device transfers

Automatic extension

The yearly one-year renewal of an SBLC unless notice of non-extension is given. From Drawing on and ending a standby letter of credit

Available cash

Deposits less every reservation against them, including termination liability. From The trust fund, and getting money back out of it

Aviation Leadership Program

Air Force undergraduate pilot training for personnel of friendly, developing countries’ air forces. From Specialized schools for partner forces

B

Balance of Payments Program

The Defense rule favoring domestic items for supplies and construction used abroad. From The Balance of Payments Program overseas

Bank letter of credit

A commercial instrument, always in dollars, with the agency as sole beneficiary. From Paying with a bank letter of credit

Baseline reserve

The amount needed for spending until the special bill payment arrives. From Special billing arrangements

Basic case

The original agreement, before any later change. SAMM AP9.2.1. From How a Letter of Offer and Acceptance is drafted

Basic infrastructure

Projects restoring essential services and meeting basic human needs. From What OHDACA pays for, cost by cost

Bearing components

The bearing element, retainer, inner race and outer race. From Bearings, steel plate, forgings and shipyards

Below the line

Where standard transport charges sit, which is why they are easy to miss. From Notices of availability and what transport costs

Below-the-line charge

A transportation charge applied as a percentage outside the priced lines of the case. From How transportation costs are billed

Benefiting units

All known or projected production quantities over which the pools are spread. From How the nonrecurring cost charge is calculated

Benefitting partner

The term used instead of purchaser when United States appropriations pay for the case. From How a Letter of Offer and Acceptance is drafted

The recipient on a capacity building case, since it is not the buyer. From Security cooperation and security assistance

The recipient government. It is not a purchaser and does not sign the case. From What Building Partner Capacity is and who the customer is

The country receiving the assistance. Not a purchaser, and not a party to the case. From Planning a grant funded program

The foreign partner that receives the equipment, services or training on a grant case. From Handing over capacity building equipment

Berry Amendment

10 U.S.C. 4862, the domestic source rule for food, clothing, textiles and tools. From Berry Amendment food, clothing and textiles

Best-fit determination

A contracting officer finding that a foreign item best fills the requirement. From The Balance of Payments Program overseas

Bias repeatability

How closely repeated readings agree for the output given when no acceleration is applied. From USML Category XII: guidance, navigation and components

Bilateral operating procedures

The signed record of who may ask for money back, and to which account. From The trust fund, and getting money back out of it

Bilateral reciprocal work agreement

An agreement that may let dependents, but not students, work in the United States. From Diplomas, records and liaison officers

Bill of lading statement

The fixed wording on shipping papers limiting use and onward transfer. From Marking and records for treaty exports

BIS

Bureau of Industry and Security, the Commerce bureau that administers 15 CFR part 701. From What an offset is and who is party to it

Bureau of Industry and Security, the Commerce bureau that collects the reports under 15 CFR part 701. From Reporting offsets to the Bureau of Industry and Security

Blackout dates

Holidays, weekends and arrival hours the SCO flags ahead of a delivery. From The consolidation point and delivery by air

Blank star

Ammunition crimped without a projectile, which the category does not control. From USML Category III: ammunition and ordnance

Blanket order

A case naming categories and a value, used until funds run out. From Inside the letter of offer and acceptance

Blanket order case

The preferred way to buy training, because it needs no definitive list of items or quantities. From Planning training from the embassy

Blanket retransfer arrangement

The permission that lets the named group share the equipment without a fresh approval each time. From When one nation buys for several

Blanket retransfer authorization

The standing permission letting a named group move equipment among themselves. SAMM C5.8.2.9.2.3. From Getting the equipment to the participants

Blocked account

A host nation account that cannot be drawn on without American approval. From NATO support programs and foreign project contributions

Blue Lantern

The State Department end use check program for commercial exports, named in 22 U.S.C. 2785(a)(2)(A). From What end use monitoring is and where it comes from

The State Department’s end-use monitoring program for licensed exports. From When a license is denied or revoked

Board of Visitors

The Marshall Center board, whose unpaid members may have disclosure requirements waived. From The regional centers for security studies

The body of legislators, designees and commanders that reviews the Institute and reports each year. From The Western Hemisphere Institute

Bona fide agent

An agent that meets the published procurement criteria. Failing the test for reasons other than price stops the sale. From Agents, commissions and contingent fees

BPC

Building Partner Capacity, security cooperation funded by United States appropriations. SAMM C15.1.1. From What Building Partner Capacity is and who the customer is

BPC transportation case

The current year case that funds consolidation and onward movement of grant equipment. From Shipping capacity building equipment

Broker

An American person, a foreign person in the United States, or an American-owned or controlled foreign person that brokers. From What counts as brokering

Brokering activities

Any action on behalf of another to facilitate a transfer of a defense article or service, whatever its origin. From What counts as brokering

Brokering approval

The Directorate’s prior approval for a specific brokering activity in the listed categories. From Getting approval for a brokering transaction

Brokering guidance

A written request for an official determination of whether an activity is brokering. From Broker filings, guidance and annual reports

Brooke Amendment

The annual appropriations bar on assistance to a government in default beyond one calendar year. From Suspension, cancellation and what each one stops

A sanction after a year of loan default that affects Foreign Military Financing and IMET. From Unauthorized absence, cancellation and sanctions

Budget authority (BA)

Authority recognized in the trust fund to the extent orders are expected to be executed within the fiscal year. From The Treasury accounts behind Foreign Military Sales

Legal authority, provided by law, that lets an agency obligate and spend federal funds. From Budget and obligational authority on a case

Build-to-print

Production from drawings alone, the most technical data an offshore procurement license allows. From Offshore procurement, warehousing and space systems

Production by a foreign consignee from engineering drawings, without technical help from the exporter. From The technical data exemptions

Building partner capacity case

A case paid for by United States appropriations and not signed by the partner. From Changing a case, and the scope test

Burden sharing contribution

Cash accepted from a designated country or regional organization toward costs of American forces. From Foreign contributions and burden sharing

Burn rate

The spending rate reported daily during a relief operation. From Paying for foreign disaster relief

Business Process Review

A joint review with an implementing agency of how it uses surcharge, case and program support funds. From Financial reviews and the financial statements

Business system category

The classification that decides who approves an investment, set mainly by dollar value. From How security cooperation systems get funded

Buy back

An ordinary federal procurement of equipment previously sold, funded from appropriations and not creating a new case. From Diversions, returns and buy backs

The government repurchase of items it earlier sold to a foreign government. From Pricing duties and above-the-line costs

By-name accountability

Tracking each individual, required for all CAAF and armed personnel. From Tracking and recovering deployed contractors

C

CAAF

Contractors authorized to accompany the force, through a letter of authorization. From Supporting deployed forces under DFARS 252.225-7040

Contractor personnel authorized to accompany the force through a letter of authorization. From Who counts as deployed contractor personnel

Camera core

A night vision or infrared camera with enough electronics to output a signal once powered. From USML Category XII: guidance, navigation and components

Canadian-registered person

A Canadian national, qualifying resident or listed Crown corporation eligible to receive exempt exports. From Streamlined pathways for close allies

Cancellation

Ending the case, processed as a closure once implemented. From Suspension, cancellation and what each one stops

The point at which funds stop being available for any purpose at all. From Where the money comes from, and when it runs out

Cancellation penalty

A charge of 100 or 50 percent for a canceled place that no one else fills. From Unauthorized absence, cancellation and sanctions

Cancelled funds

Money five years past expiry, unavailable for any purpose. From Amending a grant funded case

Cancelling year

The fiscal year in which an appropriation ceases to be available at all. From How a BPC case runs and closes on appropriated money

Capability package

A specific, actionable and sustainable set of program requests built from ranked requirements. From From gap analysis to sole source on a capacity case

CAPS

Credit assured payment schedule, secured by a standby letter of credit. From Terms of sale and the dependable undertaking

Career personnel

The selection standard for grant funded seats, mandatory at professional school level. SAMM C10.6.4.1. From Who may be trained, and what the program will not fund

Cargo preference

The requirement that a share of government funded cargo move on United States flag vessels. 46 U.S.C. 55305. From Cargo preference and the rules on flag carriers

Carrier rule

The note placing integrated guns in the category of the vessel, vehicle or aircraft that carries them. From USML Category II: guns and armament

CAS

Contract administration services, billed as quality assurance, administration and audit components. From What goes into the price, and what can be waived

CAS budget

The annual request for contract administration work reimbursed from the surcharge account. From The Planning Directive and the OA request

CAS Cost Clearing Account

The account that collects contract administration surcharges and reimburses the providers. From The contract administration and transportation accounts

CAS number

A Chemical Abstract Service registry number, given as an example rather than a complete list. From USML Category V: explosives and energetic materials

Case Closure Certificate

The IA’s electronic notice that starts closure processing. From The accounting steps in closing a case

Case closure document

A change document that reduces every remaining line to what was actually needed. From Changing a case, and the scope test

Case development

Work to prepare offer-quality data, ending when the purchaser signs. From Paying for work before a case exists

Case file

The comprehensive record of correspondence, worksheets and forms that forms a case’s audit trail. From The case file and how long it is kept

Case file package

The set of documents held with a case, into which required approvals must be placed before an offer issues. SAMM AP9.5.1. From The approvals a case has to carry

Case identifier

Six positions carrying the program code, the implementing agency and a case designator. From Writing a capacity building case

The customer code, IA code and three-position designator that name a case. From How a case is accounted for

Case manager

The individual assigned to each agreement to guide development and execution. SAMM C2.2.1. From How a US company supplies a Foreign Military Sale

The person responsible for the total financial and logistical aspects of a case. From Pricing duties and above-the-line costs

The named owner of a case, whatever the local job title says. SAMM C2.2.1. From The case manager and the budget cycle

Case note

Where the specific obligations on a line are actually written down. From Inside the letter of offer and acceptance

Case request record

The record created before a case exists, which the implementing agency accepts or rejects. From Writing a capacity building case

Case Tracking System

The application holding the electronic package during coordination, where headquarters offices record approval. From How a case gets countersigned

Case-by-case basis

Individual review of each license request within a stated opening. From Country exceptions to the policy of denial

Case-level review

An annual written status report on every line, with no meeting attached. SAMM Table C6.T6. From Case reviews and how often they happen

Caseless ammunition

Ammunition without a cartridge case holding the primer, propellant and projectile together as a unit. From USML Category III: ammunition and ordnance

Cash flow financing notification

The separate notice required for financed cases of $100 million or more. SAMM C9.7.2.5. From How Foreign Military Financing is appropriated and notified

Catch-all control

An entry controlling unspecified parts only if specially designed for an enumerated item. From Specially designed and the terms that scope the list

Category exceptions

Whole acquisitions outside the rule, such as small purchases and combat operations abroad. From Exceptions to the specialty metals rule

Category I item

The Annex class that includes the systems the statute defines as missiles. From Missile licenses and sanctions on American persons

Category I UAV

The top category of surveillance and combat drones, subject to a strong presumption against transfer. From Screening missile technology and large drones

Category XVII

Classified articles, data and services not listed anywhere else on the USML. From How the Munitions List is organized

Category XXI

The holding category for items determined to be defense articles before the list has an entry for them. From Who decides what is a defense article

A holding category for unlisted articles until the right category is amended. From How the Munitions List is organized

CAV

Compliance assessment visit, the audit of embassy and partner compliance. SAMM C8.5.3. From Golden Sentry visits, ratings and hostile environments

CBL

Commercial bill of lading, receipt of goods and proof of title and delivery. From Notices of availability and what transport costs

CCI

Controlled cryptographic item, unclassified but controlled equipment performing a communications security function. From Transportation plans for classified and explosive cargo

CCSA

Case closure suspense account, established in 1992 to hold funds against outstanding obligations. SAMM C16.3.12.1. From Closure deadlines and what happens to leftover funds

CDEF

Case development extenuating factor, the recorded reason a document will miss its standard. From The three kinds of answer to a letter of request

CDT Fund

The title of the part covering assistance for cyberspace, digital connectivity and related technologies. From Cyberspace and digital connectivity assistance

CEP50

Circular error probability at fifty percent, used for the navigation drift tests. From USML Category XII: guidance, navigation and components

Certificate of non-availability

The embassy’s certificate that no American flag carrier is available. From IMET student travel and allowances

Certificate of training

A record that a student met a course’s minimum standards, not a qualification or license. From Diplomas, records and liaison officers

CETPP

The embassy office plan holding training requirements over a three year window. SAMM C10.22.7.2. From How a team is asked for and manned

The SCO’s plan of a partner’s training needs across all funding sources for two years. From How the annual training working group works

Change of scope

A different project, needing approval before any funds are committed, and paid from current year money. From Changing a humanitarian project

Charging letter

The document that starts a debarment or civil penalty case and sets the 30 day deadline to answer. From How an export enforcement case is heard

Chief of mission

The head of the diplomatic mission, who directs and supervises assigned military personnel. From Stockpiles, overseas staff and major non-NATO allies

The ambassador, under whose authority the office and its staff serve. From The security cooperation organization

The head of the American diplomatic mission, who leads coordination in each country. From Missions, details and coordination abroad

The principal officer in charge of an American diplomatic mission or office. From When the operational area clause applies

CISIL, MISIL, CMCS and SAMIS

The Army, Navy and Air Force systems that execute cases once they are implemented. From The systems a case runs on

CISMOA

The bilateral security agreement a purchaser signs for secure communications products. From Releasing secure communications equipment

Civic action

Work by foreign forces on public works and development, a permitted but secondary purpose. From The military assistance program in the statute

Civil penalty

A penalty imposed by the Department of State, up to the greater of a set sum or twice the transaction value. From Penalties, debarment and the presumption of denial

A penalty of up to $500,000 per violation, assessed by the Secretary of State. From The terrorism ban for companies and its waiver

Civilian contract personnel

Contractors the Act prefers for performing defense services abroad. From Procurement, surveys and administrative expenses

Class determination

A determination for more than one contract, with notice at least 30 days ahead to the maximum extent practicable. From Specialty metals waivers and determinations

Class III vehicle

The General Services Administration standard used to cap replacement cars for mission chiefs. From What assistance administrative funds may pay for

Class nonavailability

The determination behind the FAR 25.104 list: domestic sources meet half of demand or less. From When Buy American does not apply to supplies

Classified annex

A separate document holding the classified parts of an offer. From When a sales case is classified

Closeout

The written confirmations by banks and DSCA that an SBLC has ended. From Drawing on and ending a standby letter of credit

Closure adjustment

A memorandum standing in for a closure certificate where billed amounts cannot be reconciled. From Amending a grant funded case

Closure certificate

The document the implementing agency submits to start the accounting closure. From How a case is reconciled and closed

Closure Facilitator

The named person appointed 15 months before cancellation to drive closure. SAMM C15.7.2. From How a BPC case runs and closes on appropriated money

Closure inhibitor

A standard condition that prevents a case from being certified or closed. From Closure priorities, certification and reporting

CLSSA

A standing supply arrangement built from two linked cases. From Inside the letter of offer and acceptance

Cooperative logistics supply support arrangement, an equity position in American inventory. SAMM C6.4.3.2. From Cooperative logistics supply support arrangements

CMI

Classified military information, shared only where there is a clearly defined benefit to the United States. SAMM C3.2.1. From Disclosure of classified military information

CN

Congressional notification, the manual's term for the certifications under section 36(b). SAMM C5.7.1. From Congressional notification of arms sales under 36(b)

Co principals

Several countries sharing one agreement, each with its own lines and its own liability. From Buying through an agent

Co-sponsorship agreement

The written instrument required before an outside organization may co-host an event. From Training on a humanitarian project

Coalition forces

Forces for which Iraq and Afghanistan licenses may be issued. From Country exceptions to the policy of denial

Combatant Commander Initiative Funds

Funds the Chairman may give commanders for foreign military education and training. From Other routes into American military training

Combatant vessel

A warship of a listed type, or a foreign vessel designed for an equivalent function. From USML Categories VI and XX: naval vessels

Command Pay List

The monthly DFAS list of deliveries charged to cases and amounts reimbursable to the payee. From How supporting activities are reimbursed

Command rate

The annual rate used for domestic contract administration budget estimates. From The Planning Directive and the OA request

Command web page

The geographic combatant commander’s page setting out operational contract support requirements. From What the contract can and cannot do abroad

Commercial bank account

An interest-bearing account for national funds that may not hold appropriated money or termination liability. From Cash management in the trust fund

Commercial derivative military article

An item made on the same lines and supply chain as a mainly civilian article. From Specialty metals waivers and determinations

Commingling bar

The rule that equipment from this case may not be mixed with stock bought through other routes. From Getting the equipment to the participants

Commissary resale

Purchases of foreign end products specifically for resale in commissaries. From When Buy American does not apply to supplies

Commitment

An administrative reservation of funds based on firm procurement requests. From How OHDACA money is obligated and returned

Commodity jurisdiction

The procedure for determining whether an article or service is covered by the Munitions List. From Commodity jurisdiction and the order of review

Common-parts rule

A part shared with an unlisted aircraft in production falls outside paragraph (h)(1). From USML Category VIII: aircraft

Commutation

Paying aliens and nonnationals living outside the United States and Canada half the commuted value of future installments. From Workers compensation under the Defense Base Act

Compensatory measure

A documented alternative where a site does not meet the stated requirement. SAMM C8.4.8.4. From Storage site certification and serial number inventories

Complete

The state at which everything needed to finish the offer is in hand. From Before a letter of request

Complete LOA package

The request, agreement, cover memorandum, approvals, waivers and reports due seven work days before the meeting. From The review before the document is written

Component Improvement Program

A program through which users share the cost of continuing improvements. From How the nonrecurring cost charge is calculated

Composite standard pay rate

The published military rate, including retirement since fiscal year 1985, used to price military services. From How personnel services are priced

Comprehensive authorization

Any of these four forms, valid for up to 10 years, with special audit and reporting duties. From Comprehensive authorizations for major programs

Comprehensive list

Countries under a full policy of denial, in paragraph (d)(1). From The ITAR policy of denial

Comprehensive review

The five-year review of the surcharge rate and both bounds. From Managing the administrative surcharge account

COMSEC

The measures that deny unauthorized people information from telecommunications. From Releasing secure communications equipment

Concluded agreement

An approved agreement signed by the parties, which must be filed within 30 days of entry into force. From Filing and ending a defense services agreement

Concurrent modification

Linked modifications moving funding between implemented cases. From Amendments and modifications

Two modifications processed together, used where scope has shifted between them. From Changing a case, and the scope test

Concurrent receipt

Holding a grant training allocation in the same fiscal year as the case. From How training is priced on a case

Concurrent resolution

A resolution of both houses of Congress that can call for retention. From Retained items, excess property and facilities abroad

Concurrent spare parts

The initial spares offered with equipment, at least a one-year supply at peacetime rates. From Support terms and pen and ink changes in an offer

Condition subsequent

The compliance plan, required after a national security waiver rather than before it. From Specialty metals waivers and determinations

Confidential

The default level for classified security cooperation information. From When a sales case is classified

Confidential expenditure

An expense whose nature is not specified, supported by an agency head certificate. From What assistance administrative funds may pay for

Confidential fund

Up to $50 million usable on certification that specifying its use is inadvisable. From Delegation, debarment and waiver powers

Confirmation

A confirming bank’s own undertaking to pay DSCA, binding when issued. From Setting up a standby letter of credit

Confirming bank

A bank that adds its own obligation to pay when the issuer alone does not give adequate assurance. From The standby letter of credit for termination liability

Congressional notification

The 30 day advance notice for significant military equipment or articles valued at $7,000,000 or more. From The conditions on an excess defense articles transfer

Congressionally notified unit

The partner unit named in the notification, the only unit that may receive the items. From Handing over capacity building equipment

Consent order

A negotiated settlement, approved by the Assistant Secretary, that cannot be reopened or appealed. From How an export enforcement case is heard

Consignee

The named recipient qualified to receive and distribute the donated cargo. SAMM C12.7.4.1. From Moving donated supplies and responding to a disaster

Consignee affidavit

A notarized statement that the recipient can receive and distribute the goods. From Shipping donated humanitarian cargo

Consolidated budget

The separate item in the President’s budget showing all Defense Department security cooperation requests. From How Defense Department security cooperation is managed

Consolidation point

A site in the United States where small items for one partner are gathered before shipment. From The consolidation point and delivery by air

Construction agent

The organization designated to manage and oversee construction on a case, such as the Army Corps of Engineers. From Section 30 sales and construction services

Construction memorandum

A non-binding memorandum recording what each side intends to do on a humanitarian construction project. From Humanitarian construction and partner terms

Constructive delivery

Delivery of materiel to a carrier for transport to the consignee, shown by signed shipping documents. From Delivery reporting on a case

Constructive proof of delivery

The evidence a shipping activity produces when a consignment is disputed. From When a shipment is lost, damaged or sent back

Consultation delay

Up to 90 days, extendable once, to let the home government act. From Sanctions for aiding chemical or biological weapons

Content test

The rule that a United States incorporated vendor still needs a waiver where half or less of the end item's dollar value is United States content. SAMM C9.7.2.8.4. From Where Foreign Military Financing may be spent

Content threshold

60 percent, rising to 65 percent for 2024 to 2028 deliveries and 75 percent from 2029, unless an alternate test applies. From What makes an end product domestic

Contingency support case

A place holder case for emergencies that may stay open until support is provided. From Closure priorities, certification and reporting

Contingent fee

A payment dependent on the sale, including agent fees and sales commissions, which the buyer must approve before award. From Agents, commissions and contingent fees

Contingent liability

A possible obligation, such as one from litigation or an international agreement, assessed for the statements. From Financial reviews and the financial statements

A cost the United States agrees to bear only if a stated event occurs. From NATO support programs and foreign project contributions

Continuous order

A standing order for commonly managed items bought ahead of foreign transfer. From How the Special Defense Acquisition Fund works

Continuous session

The way the 30-day periods are counted, excluding long adjournments. From Sanctions for nuclear explosive device transfers

Contract administration services (CAS)

Quality assurance, inspection, administration and audit of contracts, recovered by a surcharge unless waived. From Pricing a new procurement for a sale

Contract authority

Authority to create obligations before the money is appropriated. From Contracting authority and the five-year limit

Authority to obligate where payment depends on a future act, liquidated here by purchaser cash. From Budget and obligational authority on a case

Contract holdback

A percentage of contract payments included in schedules for procured materiel. From How a payment schedule is built

Contracting community

Everyone from contracting officers and auditors to the purchaser whose records bear on a case. From Reconciling an active case

Contractor personnel visibility

Information on the daily location, movement, status and identity of contractor personnel. From Who counts as deployed contractor personnel

Contractual relationship

The relationship whose only legal basis is the contract, entered by the contracting officer. From What the contract can and cannot do abroad

Control box

The range between the two bounds that signals when collections have moved outside normal variation. From Managing the administrative surcharge account

Control statement

The prescribed invoice wording telling later holders that the items may not be passed on without approval. From Reexports, retransfers and end use assurances

Controlled Cryptographic Item

An NSA-approved device with cryptographic logic that relies on host equipment. From Releasing secure communications equipment

Controlled in fact

The control test that makes a parent liable for a foreign subsidiary. From The terrorism ban for companies and its waiver

Controlled unclassified information

The handling marking on the forecast, which keeps it inside the government. From The forecast, and the Javits report to Congress

Conversion rule

A controlled substance converted into an uncontrolled item is released if it cannot easily be recovered. From USML Category V: explosives and energetic materials

Cooperative military airlift agreement

A reciprocal agreement to carry an ally’s military personnel and cargo on American military aircraft and vice versa. From Airlift, refueling, test ranges and overseas repair

Cooperative opportunities

The acquisition strategy discussion of whether a planned project could be done with partners. From Cooperative research and development agreements

Cooperative project

A jointly managed arrangement in a written agreement for shared development, concurrent production or procurement. From Cooperative projects under the Arms Export Control Act

Cooperative project contribution

A partner’s payment toward its share of a joint project, usable only for that share. From Foreign contributions and burden sharing

Cooperative research and development project

A joint program under a formal agreement to develop new conventional equipment or modify existing equipment. From Cooperative research and development agreements

Coproduction

Production abroad of American-origin defense articles, weighed against procurement in the United States. From Procurement, surveys and administrative expenses

Coproduction statement

The written statement filed with an agreement for licensed production of American-origin articles abroad. From Filing and ending a defense services agreement

Corrective action report

The written answer to findings, due within ninety days of receiving the visit report. From Planning a compliance visit, and reporting a violation

Cost pool

The accumulated nonrecurring research or production costs divided among benefiting units. From How the nonrecurring cost charge is calculated

Cost recoupment waiver

The use of legal authority to waive recovery of incurred costs, in part or in full. From Waivers, exclusions and pricing exceptions

Cost sharing arrangement

Several partners funding one article through separate agreements at a pro rata share. From Sharing cost, and paying under assessment

Cost-value differential

The gap a purchaser must be made aware of before signing, where replacement pricing applies. From Pricing equipment sold from stock

COTS item

A commercial product sold in substantial quantities and offered without modification. From What makes an end product domestic

Countersignature

The point in the process before which the fifteen day cash flow financing notification period must run. From How Foreign Military Financing is appropriated and notified

Country clearance message

The travel clearance transmitted no later than thirty days before the visit. From Planning a compliance visit, and reporting a violation

Country finance director

The DSCA official who monitors a partner’s payments and advises on its term of sale. From Keeping and losing the dependable undertaking

Country liaison officer

A foreign officer who helps with student administration under set conditions. From Diplomas, records and liaison officers

Country of ultimate destination

The country named on the license or filing, which must be the country of end-use. From Reexports, retransfers and end use assurances

Country Plan

The country part of the theater plan, with objectives, end states and methods. From How a security cooperation organization plans

Country portfolio director

The route through which a review is requested, and who records a refusal in the case remarks. From The review before the document is written

Country program monitoring

Reports on a country program, capped at 4 percent of a command’s allocation. From What OHDACA pays for, cost by cost

Country team assessment

The embassy drafted assessment that must accompany certain requests, coordinated across the country team. From The embassy office and a new case

Country waiver

A waiver for one item and one country, lasting no more than 1 year. From Items tied to the national industrial base

Country-by-country report

The annual report due by March 31 on Defense Department security cooperation with each partner. From The annual security cooperation report

Country-level review

An agency-chaired review of a partner's whole program, usually annual. From Case reviews and how often they happen

Covered assistance

The programs whose data must be published online, award by award. From Findings, notices and public assistance data

Covered contract

A Defense energy savings, utility services or private housing contract leaving the Department owning devices. From Solar devices in Defense energy and housing contracts

A contract, subcontract or order bringing private security work under part 159. From How private security contractors are governed

Covered country

One of four countries defined in DFARS 225.7001 under 10 U.S.C. 4872 and 4875. From Magnets, tantalum and tungsten from covered countries

A country whose government the Secretary of State finds has repeatedly supported international terrorism. From How the terrorism ban binds the government

Covered material

Samarium-cobalt and neodymium-iron-boron magnets, tantalum, tungsten powder and tungsten heavy alloy. From Magnets, tantalum and tungsten from covered countries

Covered offense

Conduct abroad punishable by over a year if committed in United States special jurisdiction. From Criminal jurisdiction over contractors abroad

Covered programs

Foreign Military Financing, military education and training, and excess defense articles under section 516. From The annual assistance report and strategy

CPI

Critical program information, the capability elements whose compromise would undermine military preeminence. From Technology transfer and how a release decision is made

CPM

Country program monitoring, the visit made to each partner about every two years. From What OHDACA funds and the authorities behind it

CPOHOLD

The milestone that excludes stopped time from the performance measurement, approved by one office only. From Putting a case on hold

CPOHOLDREM

The milestone posted to end an approved hold once the issue is resolved. From Putting a case on hold

CPRS

The reporting system that assembles case and delivery data for congressional reports. From The systems a case runs on

CRA

Credentialed recurring access, the unescorted installation access that departmental vetting establishes. From Screening an international military student

Credit

A direct loan to the buyer under section 23 of the Arms Export Control Act. From Foreign military sales credit and who may receive it

Critical item

An item the FAR 25.105 list would name, with an added preference factor; the list is currently reserved. From Pricing a domestic offer against a foreign one

Cross domain system

A system authorized to control access to or move data between security domains. From USML Category XIII: materials, armor and cryptography

Cross fiscal year authority

The rule allowing a program to run into later fiscal years. 10 U.S.C. 333(g)(2). From Section 333, the authority to build partner capacity

Cross-leveling

Moving collections from one case to another, at the purchaser’s authorization. From Closure priorities, certification and reporting

Cross-servicing agreement

A reciprocal agreement under which the United States and a partner provide each other logistic support, supplies and services. From What an acquisition and cross-servicing agreement is

CTA

Country team assessment, the embassy's coordinated written position on a proposed sale. From Before a letter of request

CUI

Controlled unclassified information, which requires safeguarding without being classified. From Technology transfer and how a release decision is made

Cultural day

An agenda day requiring approval and attendance on both sides. From Case reviews and how often they happen

Cultural exchange visit

Attendance of up to four weeks by foreign students, officers or representatives. From Foreign cadets at the service academies

Cumulative document

Each new version builds on its predecessor, with an audit trail between them. From The Planning Directive and the OA request

Custody transfer document

The signed record moving excess property from Defense to State Department control. From Buying and shipping humanitarian project equipment

D

Daily review

DSCA’s daily check of the transportation account for abnormal transactions. From The contract administration and transportation accounts

Danger pay post

A post the State Department designates for danger pay, which brings mission support contracts under the clause. From When the operational area clause applies

Data standards baseline

The mandatory standard set for systems the agency funds, enforced through funding. From Where the data is held, and who can see it

DCC

Direct commercial contract, which Foreign Military Financing may fund for eligible partners within the statutory ceiling. From Where Foreign Military Financing may be spent

DCMA International

The part of DCMA whose sales CAS is reimbursed on actual costs. From How contract administration costs are billed

DCS

Direct Commercial Sale. Defined at SAMM glossary. From Foreign Military Sales or Direct Commercial Sales

DCS preference

A company's request that a particular sale run commercially, valid for one year. From What may be purchased, and on what terms

DCSA

Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency, which verifies clearances and reviews plans involving industry. From Transportation plans for classified and explosive cargo

DCSGN

The milestone by which the reviewing division countersigns, after state department approval. From How a case gets countersigned

DD 2060

The OA Request, which serves as the reimbursable order to a performing component. From Budget and obligational authority on a case

DD 2061

The planning directive: cost elements, a time-phased plan and the financing for a case. From Budget and obligational authority on a case

DD Form 1391

The construction project form required in the notice for small-scale construction above $750,000. From Operational support and ministry of defense advisors

DD Form 1907

The Signature and Tally Record used to document the skid count on arrival. From Handing over capacity building equipment

DD Form 2964

The form used to request a team funded through sales, grant training or the build capacity authority. From How a team is asked for and manned

DD Form 645

The quarterly billing statement, which carries the amount actually due and any interest. From Payment schedules, billing and late payment

The quarterly billing statement, an official claim for payment by the United States. From The billing statement and delivery listing

DDL

Delegation of Disclosure Authority Letter, the instrument that delegates release authority further down. From Disclosure of classified military information

DDTC

Directorate of Defense Trade Controls, the State Department body that licenses commercial exports of defense articles. 22 CFR 120.1. From Foreign Military Sales or Direct Commercial Sales

Directorate of Defense Trade Controls, handling transfers of commercially acquired articles. From Third party transfer and retransfer consent

Directorate of Defense Trade Controls, where a forwarder registers as an exporter. From Delivery term codes and freight forwarders

Decrementing

CBP’s electronic recording of shipments against a license. From Filing export information for ITAR shipments

Dedicated course

A course developed or provided solely for international students. From How tuition rates are set

Dedicated training program

A training program built for one or more specific partners, priced on full cost principles. From Pricing dedicated programs and training teams

Deemed export

A release of technical data to a foreign person inside the United States. From What counts as an export under the ITAR

Deemed reexport

A release of technical data abroad to a foreign person from a third country. From Dual national and third-country national employees

Defense attache consultation

The required consultation on selecting foreign personnel for training. From The IMET statute, exchanges and participant records

Defense Base Act

The short title of 42 U.S.C. 1651 to 1654, applying longshore compensation abroad. From Workers compensation under the Defense Base Act

Defense Department lead

The organization that manages the American response and keeps multiple offerings on equal terms. From International competitions

Defense exclusion

Arms, ammunition, war materials and purchases indispensable for national security. From How trade agreements affect federal purchases

Defense institution capacity building

Advice and training that help foreign ministries manage defense-related processes and govern their forces. From Operational support and ministry of defense advisors

Defense Integrated Financial System (DIFS)

The trust fund level system that links agency records to the bills sent to purchasers. From How the trust fund keeps its books

Defense ownership

Installed on Defense property or in a Defense-owned facility and reserved for its exclusive use for the device’s economic life. From Solar devices in Defense energy and housing contracts

Defense personnel exchange agreement

An agreement with a friendly government or security organization to exchange military and civilian defense personnel. From Personnel exchanges and liaison officers

Defense security cooperation service

The element that staffs overseas security cooperation organizations with qualified people. From The security cooperation workforce

Defense Security Cooperation University

The lead entity for implementing the workforce program, chartered by the Secretary of Defense. From The security cooperation workforce

Defense service

Assistance, training or technical data furnished to foreign persons concerning defense articles. From What a defense services agreement is

Assistance, technical data or military training furnished to foreign persons, as defined in 22 CFR 120.32. From USML Category IX: training equipment and training

Defined order

A case naming specific items and quantities, scoped to the original quantity. SAMM C5.6.4.1. From Inside the letter of offer and acceptance

Definitization

Defining a program fully, often through logistics conferences scheduled in the offer. From Support terms and pen and ink changes in an offer

Delay certification

The one-time finding that immediate sanctions would harm national security. From Sanctions for nuclear explosive device transfers

Delivery listing

The itemized list of deliveries and services behind each statement, cross-referenced to document numbers. From The billing statement and delivery listing

Delivery marking brief

The notice, sent seven days ahead, that includes the tamper seal serial numbers. From The consolidation point and delivery by air

Delivery term code

The code whose percentage estimates routine transport costs below the line. From How prices are estimated on an offer

Delivery transaction

The record of an article or service delivered, which drives billing and reimbursement. From How supporting activities are reimbursed

Delivery Verification

The importing government’s confirmation, after delivery, that the goods arrived as licensed. From Temporary licenses and special conveyances

Demand for payment

The single document the agency needs to call on the bank after a missed payment. From Paying with a bank letter of credit

The single document DSCA presents to a bank to draw on an SBLC or confirmation. From Drawing on and ending a standby letter of credit

Denton Program

Space available movement of donated cargo on Department assets, under 10 U.S.C. 402. From Moving donated supplies and responding to a disaster

Dependable undertaking

A buyer’s commitment to pay the full contract amount and fund payments before they fall due. From Section 30 sales and construction services

The term of sale under which a purchaser commits to pay in full and may pay against a schedule. From Keeping and losing the dependable undertaking

Deployability certification

The contractor’s certification that each individual completed deployment processing. From Deployment processing for contractor personnel

Deployed elements

Partner defense forces operating abroad on an authorized end use. From Moving items within a treaty community

Deployment center

A designated group, joint or Military Department center that processes CAAF in and out. From Deployment processing for contractor personnel

Depot level

The maintenance tier above intermediate, which requires a specific license or agreement. From Technical data and what a purchaser can be given

Depot-level maintenance

Third-level repair and overhaul at a major facility. From ITAR definitions that set the level of control

Depreciation charge

The lease price: the depreciation incurred on the article during the lease. From Leasing defense articles

Design and construction services

Services sold under section 29, at full cost, paid in advance or under a dependable undertaking. From Section 30 sales and construction services

Design information

Specific, non-public information on the design of a nuclear explosive device. From Sanctions for nuclear explosive device transfers

Designated country

A contributor the Secretary of Defense designates, in consultation with the Secretary of State. From Foreign contributions and burden sharing

Designated operation

An operation the Secretary of Defense designates for partner support, notified to Congress and reviewed each year. From Operational support and ministry of defense advisors

Designated operational area

An area a combatant commander designates for specified military operations. From When the operational area clause applies

Designated reception site

The arrival point that validates accountability and briefs theater rules. From Conduct, rights and accountability for deployed contractors

The entry and exit point that verifies records and entry requirements. From Credentials, reception and return of contractors

Designated subcontractor

A firm the purchaser names for a subcontract, whose performance or integration problems the purchaser pays to correct. From When a buyer names the supplier

Designation of authority

The ministry-level document naming who signs for the purchaser. From Setting up a standby letter of credit

Designee

Locally employed staff or a contractor who may inventory unclassified items and prepare documents, but never inventory classified material. From Obligating money on a grant case

Detail

A temporary loan of a federal employee to a foreign government or international organization. From Missions, details and coordination abroad

Developing countries

For the procurement rule, developing countries other than advanced developing countries. From Where assistance funds may buy

Developing country limit

The rule that partner expenses are paid only for developing countries, save in extraordinary circumstances. From Personnel exchanges and liaison officers

Development Coordination Committee

The body whose chairman prepares the annual assistance report. From The annual assistance report and strategy

Developmental ammunition

Ammunition funded by the Defense Department and not yet in production. From USML Category III: ammunition and ordnance

Developmental exoskeleton

An exoskeleton funded by the Defense Department under a funding document dated after January 20, 2026. From USML Category X: personal protective equipment

Developmental gun

A gun above .50 caliber funded by the Defense Department and not yet in production. From USML Category II: guns and armament

DFARS

Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement. Subpart 225.73 covers acquisitions for Foreign Military Sales. From Foreign Military Sales or Direct Commercial Sales

Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement, at Subpart 225.73 for Foreign Military Sales. From The United States position on offsets and cost recovery

DFARS 225.73

The supplement subpart governing acquisitions for Foreign Military Sales. From How a US company supplies a Foreign Military Sale

DFARS 252.225-7008

The clause for specialty metal delivered as an end item. From What counts as a specialty metal

DFARS 252.225-7009

The clause for listed items and components containing specialty metal. From What counts as a specialty metal

DFARS 252.225-7012

The clause requiring domestic delivery of the listed commodities. From Berry Amendment food, clothing and textiles

DFARS 252.225-7044

The clause for construction abroad above the simplified acquisition threshold and below $6,708,000. From The Balance of Payments Program overseas

DFARS 252.225-7045

The construction clause under trade agreements at $6,708,000 or more. From The Balance of Payments Program overseas

DFARS 252.225-7052

The clause for covered materials above the simplified acquisition threshold. From Magnets, tantalum and tungsten from covered countries

DFARS 252.232-7002

The contract clause that governs progress payments on contracts that include sales requirements. From How the cash advance on a case is calculated

DFAS

Defense Finance and Accounting Service, which receives the initial deposit on implementation. From How an FMS case is built, from request to agreement

The accounting service that bills, collects and disburses on cases. From Who holds which authority

DGR

Designated Government Representative, the named person to whom classified materiel may be released. From Export licenses and customs clearance on a shipment

Designated Government Representative, whose assumption of control ends United States security responsibility. From Title transfer and who carries the risk in transit

DHN

Declaration of humanitarian need, the ambassador's cable that prompts a response. SAMM C12.8.3.1. From Moving donated supplies and responding to a disaster

DIFS

The accounting system linking implementing activity records to the bill sent to the purchaser. From The systems a case runs on

Digitally signed letter

The letter of authorization the contracting officer or representative signs after that certification. From Deployment processing for contractor personnel

Diplomatic note

A foreign government’s written assurance that may stand in for its signature on the end-use certificate. From Filing and ending a defense services agreement

Direct citation

Citing the FMS Trust Fund itself on contracts, rather than a Defense appropriation. From How a case is accounted for

Direct cite

Financing in which contract documents cite the trust fund itself, and contractors are paid from it. From The Treasury accounts behind Foreign Military Sales

Direct commercial sale (DCS)

A sale by a company to a foreign buyer under an export license, outside a government-to-government case. From Section 30 sales and construction services

Direct cost

A cost readily identified to the specific use of a test facility, which the user always pays. From Airlift, refueling, test ranges and overseas repair

A cost identified specifically with training a student. From How a full cost tuition rate is built

Direct credit

The financing instrument, either repayable as a loan or non-repayable as a grant. SAMM C9.7.2.10.2. From What Foreign Military Financing is and who runs it

Direct loan

Repayable FMF credit under section 23, at a fixed Treasury rate written into the loan agreement. From Grant financing, loans and guaranties

Direct offset

An offset transaction directly related to the item being exported. From What an offset is and who is party to it

Disapproval resolution

A joint resolution that ends a certification within 30 calendar days. From Aid cutoffs for enrichment and reprocessing transfers

Disaster response module

The part of the humanitarian information system shared by DSCA and command contacts during relief, which also keeps a record of past operations. From Paying for foreign disaster relief

Disbursement

The payment that liquidates an obligation, due before the funds cancel. From How OHDACA money is obligated and returned

Disbursing agent

The role the government declines: paying a partner's own commercial bills. SAMM C4.5.1. From What may not be purchased, and the exceptions

Disposal action

The route for unserviceable articles or those failing inspection, through the logistics agency or the munitions command. From Redirecting equipment to another partner

Disposition

What happens to team property at the end, decided by who paid for it. From Who a deployed team answers to

Distinguished Visitor Orientation Tour

A tour with general officers or equivalent civilians, limited to fourteen days and five visitors. From Observer training and orientation tours

Distribution agreement

An approved agreement for a warehouse or distribution point abroad. From Authorizations and who may hold them

Distribution territory

The countries named in a warehousing and distribution agreement, within which resale is allowed. From Offshore procurement, warehousing and space systems

Diversion

Taking equipment from production or from American forces to fill a partner requirement faster, approved at agency director level. From Diversions, returns and buy backs

DLIELC

The English language center that provides or oversees language training. From Travel orders and the English language threshold

DNA

Determination of non-availability, the waiver allowing non-flag service. SAMM C7.9.1.4. From Cargo preference and the rules on flag carriers

DoDM 5100.76

The Department of Defense manual on physical security of sensitive conventional arms, ammunition and explosives. From Storage site certification and serial number inventories

Domestic construction material

Material manufactured in the United States that meets the content test. From Domestic construction materials in US projects

Domestic end product

Manufactured in the United States and meeting the domestic content test. From What makes an end product domestic

Domestic excess property

Property classified as domestic excess under the federal property laws in titles 40 and 41. From Retained items, excess property and facilities abroad

Domestic nonavailability determination

A finding that domestic specialty metal cannot be had as needed at a fair and reasonable price in quality, quantity and form. From Specialty metals waivers and determinations

Dormant account review

The quarterly review of commitments, obligations, payables and receivables. From After funds are obligated on a capacity case

Dormant Account Review Quarterly

The quarterly review of obligations and unfilled orders. From How a case is accounted for

Dormant balance

A balance unliquidated and untouched for ninety days, caught by the quarterly review. From Auditing the security assistance accounts

Drawdown

A payment drawn under the SBLC, which reduces the amount left for later drawings. From Drawing on and ending a standby letter of credit

Provision of existing government articles, services or training, reimbursed later by appropriation. From Drawdowns and peacekeeping assistance

Drawdown of training

Education and training provided from Defense Department resources under section 506, tuition free. From Other routes into American military training

Driver-optional kit

A conversion kit with steering, acceleration and braking equipment and a control system. From USML Category VII: ground vehicles

DS-4076

The Commodity Jurisdiction Determination Form filed with the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls. From How the Munitions List is organized

DSAMS

The defense wide system in which all unclassified cases are developed and implemented. SAMM C13.3.3.1. From The systems a case runs on

DSAMS Training Module

The system of record for programming, managing and tracking international student training. From The systems a case runs on

DSCA

Defense Security Cooperation Agency, the Department of Defense agency that directs and administers the program. From What Foreign Military Sales is and who takes part

DSCA focus case

A case DSCA identifies for priority reconciliation and closure. From Closure priorities, certification and reporting

DSP-5

The license form required to export unclassified technical data. From Licensing technical data and classified exports

DSP-61

Temporary import license for unclassified defense articles. 22 CFR 123.1. From Export licenses and customs clearance on a shipment

DSP-83

The nontransfer and use certificate signed by the applicant and the foreign parties. From Licensing technical data and classified exports

DSP-85

The equivalent form for classified exports and temporary imports. From Export licenses and customs clearance on a shipment

The application form for classified exports and temporary imports. From Licensing technical data and classified exports

DTC

Delivery term code, which supplies the transportation percentage for a given destination and mode. From What goes into the price, and what can be waived

Delivery term code, the code fixing how far the Department transports a shipment. SAMM C7.4.1. From Delivery term codes and freight forwarders

DTS

Defense Transportation System, the military and contracted commercial distribution network. SAMM C7.6.1. From The Defense Transportation System and delivery documents

DU

Dependable undertaking, a firm commitment to pay the full contract amount in advance of requirements. SAMM C9.8.3.1. From Terms of sale and the dependable undertaking

DU assessment tool

DSCA’s weighted assessment used when no acceptable rating exists. From Keeping and losing the dependable undertaking

Dual-use

Goods controlled by the commerce department rather than the munitions list. From Who holds which authority

Due with amendment acceptance

The payment due when a purchaser accepts an amendment. From Requested and revised payment schedules

Duty status

The status of students on program tours, who keep their training center allowances. From The Field Studies Program and student costs

Duty to notify

The obligation to tell the Directorate immediately about covered transactions. From The ITAR policy of denial

E

E-Bill

An estimated delivery report for the full obligation value, converted to an actual bill before closure. From Delivery reporting on a case

E-IMET

The expanded category, covering defense management, civilian control and military justice. From What the IMET program funds

The expanded category, which is what makes most civilian attendance possible. From Who may be trained, and what the program will not fund

E.O. 13637

The order allocating assistance authority between the two secretaries. SAMM C1.2.3. From Who holds which authority

Early collections

Money collected ahead of need, which a schedule update can reduce. From Requested and revised payment schedules

Early risk communication

The written warning owed with every price and every request response. From Buying a system still in testing

Earned reimbursement

The amount a Defense Department account earns when stock is dropped or a service is performed for a case. From How the cash advance on a case is calculated

ECCN

Export Control Classification Number, the entry that classifies an item on the Commerce Control List. From Reporting offsets to the Bureau of Industry and Security

An Export Control Classification Number on the Commerce Control List under the EAR. From USML Category I: firearms

ECCN 0A606

The Commerce entry for military vehicles not listed in Category VII, and for armored unarmed civilian vehicles. From USML Category VII: ground vehicles

ECCN 1C608

The Commerce entry under which many Category V items are licensed once incorporated into EAR items. From USML Category V: explosives and energetic materials

ECCN 3A611

The Commerce entry for military electronics parts made for 600 series items. From USML Category XI: communications, sensors and components

ECCN 8A609

The Commerce entry for military vessels and parts not listed in Category VI. From USML Categories VI and XX: naval vessels

ECCN 9A515

The Commerce entry for spacecraft and parts not described in the USML. From USML Category XV: spacecraft

ECCN 9A610

The Commerce entry for military aircraft not listed in paragraph (a), including old unmodified unarmed types. From USML Category VIII: aircraft

The Commerce entry for military aircraft, under which installed paragraph (d)(1) engines are licensed. From USML Category XIX: gas turbine engines

ECL

English comprehension level, with 70 typical and 80 for senior or hazardous courses. From Travel orders and the English language threshold

EDA

Excess defense articles, defined at 22 U.S.C. 2403(g). From What excess defense articles are and who can get them

Editorial revision

A change to approved data that adds no new technology. From The technical data exemptions

EEI

Electronic export information, filed in the Automated Export System at the time of export. SAMM C3.3.3.4.1. From Export licenses and customs clearance on a shipment

EEUM

Enhanced end use monitoring, a designation carrying site assessments and serial number inventories. SAMM C8.4.1. From Routine and enhanced end use monitoring

Eight percent cap

The limit on an agency’s yearly surcharge funds spent on pre-request work. From Paying for work before a case exists

Electronic component

An item that works by controlling electron flow, excluding structural parts and magnets. From Exceptions to the specialty metals rule

Electronic Export Information

The export filing made for each shipment through the automated export system. From Escorting classified cargo and filing the export

The export filing required for every shipment of defense articles, licensed or exempt. From Congressional certification and general exemptions

The export filing that cites the treaty end use code for each shipment. From Marking and records for treaty exports

Electronic support

Systems that intercept and locate emissions to support threat detection and targeting. From USML Category XI: sonar, radar and electronic warfare

Eligibility

A judgment about the buyer, distinct from whether an item may be released. From Who may buy, and how eligibility works

Eligible product

A product of a covered agreement country that receives equal consideration. From How trade agreements affect federal purchases

ELT

English language training, excluded from the five week minimum and from the implementing agency count. From What the IMET program funds

Em

The mass effectiveness ratio comparing armor performance with rolled homogenous armor. From USML Category XIII: materials, armor and cryptography

Emergency care

Care where life, limb or eyesight is at risk; hospitalization is limited to stabilization and short-term treatment. From Supporting deployed forces under DFARS 252.225-7040

Care where life, limb or eyesight is in danger. From Government support to deployed contractors

Emergency data

The record used to notify next of kin, held by both contractor and government. From Working under the operational area clause

Emergency implementation

An exceptional implementation before the deposit arrives, approved by DSCA finance. From Implementing a case and warning of delays

Emergency medical care

Only the treatment needed to return a student safely to training or home. From How a student’s healthcare is covered

Emergency shipment

A truck or air export allowed a shorter filing deadline in limited cases. From Filing export information for ITAR shipments

Employed by the armed forces

Defense civilians, contractors and contractor employees at any tier, under set conditions. From Criminal jurisdiction over contractors abroad

Empowered official

The company officer who signs the request and certifies it complete and accurate. From Getting approval for a brokering transaction

The officer who may certify the disclosure, unless the Directorate requires a senior officer. From The voluntary disclosure policy

The responsible official who signs the required statement for an application. From What a license application must show

Encryption from end to end

Protection that keeps data encrypted from sender to intended recipient. From What counts as an export under the ITAR

End of year reallocation

The July review that redistributes excess IMET funds, confirmed by the State Department. From Planning and funding the IMET year

End-item

An assembled article ready for use, needing only ammunition, fuel or another energy source. From Specially designed and the terms that scope the list

Engaged in the trade of

Acting as forwarder, exporting agent, consignee or end user in a transfer. From Missile licenses and sanctions on American persons

Engineering and Architecture Review Board

The internal technical board that reviews systems across the community, including those run by the military departments. From How security cooperation systems get funded

Enumerated entry

An entry naming an article directly, which takes priority over a specially designed catch-all. From How the Munitions List is organized

EP

Excess property, non-lethal surplus made available under 10 U.S.C. 2557. From Humanitarian mine action and excess property transfers

Equal value exchange

Support provided in return for support of the same value, rather than for cash. From Exchanging support and medical care with allies

Equipment cap

The rule that equipment and commodities in a year may not exceed 30 percent of the part’s funds, by acquisition cost. From Antiterrorism assistance for foreign law enforcement

Equitable access

Benefit reaching all populations in need, without ethnic, racial, sex or religious distinction. From What makes a humanitarian project fundable

Equitable contribution

The share of support each country gives to a cooperative flying arrangement. From The IMET statute, exchanges and participant records

Equitable cost sharing

The default rule for dividing project costs, counting cash and non-cash contributions. From Cooperative research and development agreements

Equity

The purchaser’s stake, valued at the cash deposited for the FMSO I. From How a supply support arrangement is priced

ERW

Explosive remnants of war, which American personnel may not physically handle under this authority. From Humanitarian mine action and excess property transfers

Escort officer

A language-qualified officer who stays with a tour under NDU’s authority. From Observer training and orientation tours

Estimated delivery schedule

The quarterly delivery forecast required on major and significant equipment lines. From Preparing an offer

Estimated price

The offer’s reasonable approximation of what will ultimately be billed. From How prices are estimated on an offer

Estimated price code

A code used to report a major end item delivery before its final price is known. From Pricing a new procurement for a sale

ETP

Exception to policy, approved for six months unless stated otherwise. From Amendments and modifications

ETSS

An individual specialist posted to the country, attached to the embassy office but not part of its staff. From The teams sent to a partner country

EUM

End use monitoring, defined at SAMM C8.1.1. From What end use monitoring is and where it comes from

Evaluation factor

A percentage added to the low foreign offer to test the domestic offer’s price. From Pricing a domestic offer against a foreign one

EX-Number

The identifier required before an explosive article moves by commercial carrier in the United States. SAMM C7.16.1. From Transportation plans for classified and explosive cargo

The authorization required to move any article containing Hazard Class 1 explosives commercially. From When a shipment is lost, damaged or sent back

Excepted material

Foreign construction material allowed by a determination and listed in the contract. From Domestic construction materials in US projects

Excepted position

A post that may be filled without regard to the provisions of any law on appointment and pay. From Staffing assistance programs

Exception to policy

A rare and narrow departure from the standard rules, recorded in the case remarks. From The approvals a case has to carry

Exception to pricing policy

Approval of an alternative method of identifying costs, sought from the Comptroller’s office. From Waivers, exclusions and pricing exceptions

Excess defense article

An asset beyond the approved force acquisition objective and retention stock, sold as is. From Pricing excess articles and firm prices

Excess property catalog

The list of available excess items planners must check before buying. From Buying and shipping humanitarian project equipment

Excluded items supplement

The supplement to part 126 listing articles and services that cannot move under these exemptions. From Streamlined pathways for close allies

Exclusive liability

Compensation under the Act replaces other workers’ compensation liability to covered employees. From Workers compensation under the Defense Base Act

Exclusive remedy

The owner’s only route, a suit against the United States for compensation. From False claims, improper payments and patent claims

Execution phase reconciliation

Reconciliation carried out from implementation until a case is supply and services complete. From Reconciling an active case

Executive agent

The military department Secretary the Secretary of Defense may designate to run the Institute. From The Western Hemisphere Institute

Exemption

A provision allowing a transaction without a license or other written authorization. From Authorizations and who may hold them

Exemption of general applicability

A part 123 exemption allowing certain unclassified exports without an approval, subject to conditions. From Congressional certification and general exemptions

Expanded IMET

Not extra money. A designated portion of the same allocation, spent on civilian and governance courses. From Planning training from the embassy

Expedited processing

Faster handling of license applications for Australia, the United Kingdom and Canada, with set review periods. From Streamlined pathways for close allies

Expeditionary requirements generation team

A team approved by the agency director, deployed to produce an actionable request. From Planning and advice before a request

Expeditious consideration

Faster review for qualifying satellite component license applications. From Suspensions, satellite parts and underwater vehicles

Expenditure authority

The approval to disburse, withheld when available cash is short. SAMM C9.12.2. From The trust fund, and getting money back out of it

DFAS authority required before contractors are paid from the trust fund. From How supporting activities are reimbursed

Expenditure authority (EA)

A country-level authority that sets trust fund cash aside for a specific payment against an obligation. From Cash management in the trust fund

Expense credit

A credit against the American share of an organization’s costs for a detailed employee. From Missions, details and coordination abroad

Expense entry screen

The place in the information system for costs not tied to one project. From What OHDACA pays for, cost by cost

Expired funds

Money that can still record, adjust and liquidate existing obligations but cannot incur new ones. From Amending a grant funded case

Explosive

A substance or mixture required to detonate in a primary, booster or main charge in military use. From USML Category V: explosives and energetic materials

Export Administration Regulations

The Commerce Department rules at 15 CFR parts 730 to 774 for items on the Commerce Control List. From Who decides what is a defense article

Export control document

Any document used to control a defense article or service, from license applications to air waybills. From What counts as an export violation

Export information

The electronic report filed with CBP or DDTC for every ITAR export. From Filing export information for ITAR shipments

Exportable value

Net value of hardware and software on specific lines, excluding accessorials and services. From Escorting classified cargo and filing the export

External support contract

A contract awarded outside theater and systems support contracting authority. From What operational contract support means

Extraordinary contractual relief

The standard used to settle contractor claims after termination. From Standing bars, caps and winding up

Extraordinary expenses

Expenses under that heading in military assistance administration, capped at $300,000 a year. From What assistance administrative funds may pay for

IMET funds for representational and cultural events for IMET students. From IMET student travel and allowances

F

F/AD

Force or activity designator, ranked I to V, assigned by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. SAMM C6.4.1. From Priority of supply and force activity designators

Facilities maintenance

Housekeeping throughout the ship, coating maintenance and repair, and cleaning of mechanical, mission and topside spaces. From Bearings, steel plate, forgings and shipyards

Facility clearance

The authorization, with approved storage, that allows custody of classified material. From Delivery term codes and freight forwarders

FADEC

A full authority digital engine control, covered when made for engines in the category. From USML Category XIX: gas turbine engines

Fair pricing

The statutory rules that exclude certain costs from grant-funded cases. From Waivers, exclusions and pricing exceptions

Fair value

Inventory price multiplied by the fair value rate for the item’s Federal Condition Code. From Pricing excess articles and firm prices

Fast Track Program

The regional center process that sets health requirements for events in the United States. From Who does what on student healthcare

Fastener certification

A manufacturer’s commitment to buy at least half its fastener metal domestically. From Exceptions to the specialty metals rule

FAV

Familiarization and assistance visit, to help build a compliance program. SAMM C8.5.2. From Golden Sentry visits, ratings and hostile environments

Favorable determination

An approved license or authorization, counted to set the renewal fee tier. From Registering as a manufacturer or exporter

FDR

Foreign disaster relief, directed by the President under 10 U.S.C. 404. From What OHDACA funds and the authorities behind it

FDR authorization memorandum

The Secretary of Defense memo setting the scope, authorities and funding of a relief operation. From Paying for foreign disaster relief

Feasibility assessment

The 7 to 14 day check that a program can be executed within the law. From From gap analysis to sole source on a capacity case

Federal Financing Bank

The Treasury lender named in section 24 and in the discontinued Defense Department guarantee program. From Grant financing, loans and guaranties

Federal Reserve Bank of New York account

An investment account for a purchaser that pays mainly with national funds. From Cash management in the trust fund

Fee or commission

A payment of $1,000 or more to any person to secure a sale to foreign armed forces. From Reporting fees, commissions and political contributions

Fellowship ceiling

The $35,000,000 annual limit on spending under the fellowship program. From The Irregular Warfare Center and fellowship program

FEVA

Focused end use monitoring verification assessment, used to examine possible violations. SAMM C8.5.8. From Golden Sentry visits, ratings and hostile environments

FGI

Foreign government information, held in confidence on the terms the providing government set. From Technology transfer and how a release decision is made

Field Studies Program

The program giving international students a view of American society and institutions. From The Field Studies Program and student costs

Fifteen percent

The increase to an active program that triggers a master plan. From The case manager and the budget cycle

Fifteen-day notice

The advance notice before Defense transfers for peace operations. From Findings, notices and public assistance data

Final special bill letter

The last bill after notice to end an arrangement, covering cash needs until the next statement. From Special billing arrangements

Final travel voucher

The settlement of a student’s allowance before leaving a training location. From The living allowance during training

Financial Management Review

A review with a purchaser of its program’s financial posture, held where needed. From Financial reviews and the financial statements

Financially troubled case

A case where commitments, obligations or expenditures exceed the authority issued. From Problem disbursements and unpaid bills on an active case

Firearm

A weapon not over .50 caliber (12.7 mm) designed to expel a projectile by the deflagration of propellant. From USML Category I: firearms

Firm price

A price not adjusted later if the offer is accepted before it expires. From Pricing excess articles and firm prices

Fiscal year identity

The rule that obligations and disbursements stay tied to the year of the authority used. From Accounting for administrative funds

Five day notice

The deadline for reporting charges, ineligibility and key changes in a registrant’s details. From Broker filings, guidance and annual reports

Five year rule

The period for keeping export records, counted from license expiry or the transaction date. From Registering as a manufacturer or exporter

Five-year limit

The cap on the term of contracts and agreements committing assistance funds. From Contracting authority and the five-year limit

Fixed costs

The costs of operating and maintaining the Institute, paid from operation and maintenance funds, not tuition. From The Western Hemisphere Institute

Operating and maintenance costs that tuition at the small craft school may not include. From Specialized schools for partner forces

Flight training exchange

A one-for-one exchange of comparable flight training within the same fiscal year. From Other routes into American military training

Fly America Act

The equivalent first preference rule for air carriage. 49 U.S.C. 40118. From Cargo preference and the rules on flag carriers

FMF

Foreign Military Financing, authorized by section 23 of the Arms Export Control Act at 22 U.S.C. 2763. From What Foreign Military Financing is and who runs it

FMS administrative surcharge

The charge recovering the cost of administering the program. SAMM Table C9.T4. From How a US company supplies a Foreign Military Sale

The indirect recovery that funds one of the two manpower sources. From Who pays for the people on a case

FMS Forecast

A two year demand assessment of transfers carrying the administrative surcharge. SAMM C14.4.1. From The forecast, and the Javits report to Congress

FMS freight forwarder

A private company under contract to the purchaser, acting as its agent. SAMM C7.5.1. From Delivery term codes and freight forwarders

FMSO I

The stock case: Part A on-hand inventory and Part B on-order dependable undertaking. From How a supply support arrangement is priced

The case that buys and sustains the equity, in two parts: on hand and on order. From Cooperative logistics supply support arrangements

FMSO II

The consumption case, covering the purchaser’s expected yearly requisitions. From How a supply support arrangement is priced

The case the partner requisitions against to replenish its own stocks. From Cooperative logistics supply support arrangements

FMTR

The joint annual report to Congress on military training given to foreign personnel. From How the foreign military training report is built

FOB origin

Free on board origin, the contract term under which title and risk pass at the shipping point. From Title transfer and who carries the risk in transit

Focal plane array

An infrared sensor array, controlled in viewers and sights above set wavelengths or when designed for military end users. From USML Category XII: fire control, lasers and night vision

Force health protection

Command policies and programs to keep deployed forces healthy and ready. From Medical and dental fitness for deploying contractors

Force protection planning

The combatant commander’s planning, which must include contractor personnel. From Discipline, force protection and arming in theater

Foreign advanced military aircraft

A non-American aircraft developed or produced after 2023 with at least one listed advanced capability. From USML Category VIII: aircraft

Foreign assistance

For the report, any item the government provides abroad, including by sale. From The annual assistance report and strategy

Foreign clearance

Country clearance for official visitors and aircraft, processed by the embassy office, which also keeps the guide current. From Security duties in the embassy office

Foreign Clearance Guide

The Defense guide governing area, country and theater clearance documents. From Deployment processing for contractor personnel

Foreign gift or donation

Funds, materials, property or services from a foreign government, foundation or individual. From The Western Hemisphere Institute

Foreign Military Sales Center of Excellence

An educational institution directed to improve training and education for sales planning and execution. From The security cooperation workforce

Foreign military training report

The joint annual report due 31 January on training provided and proposed. From Reporting to Congress on assistance programs

Foreign person

Anyone or any entity outside the American person definition, including foreign governments. From Dual national and third-country national employees

Foreign solicitation

The partner’s request for bids, treated as a letter of request when it arrives through appropriate channels. From International competitions

Forfeiture

Loss of an unlawfully exported article, and any conveyance involved, under section 401 of title 22. From What counts as an export violation

Forfeiture code

The code on a training line showing that a cancellation penalty was charged. From Unauthorized absence, cancellation and sanctions

Form DS-2032

The statement of registration filed each year by registrants, including brokers. From Broker filings, guidance and annual reports

Form DS-4076

The electronic form used to request a commodity jurisdiction determination. From Commodity jurisdiction and the order of review

Form DSP-61

The license for temporary import and later export of unclassified defense articles. From Temporary licenses and special conveyances

Form DSP-73

The license for temporary export, valid for under four years with no transfer of title. From Temporary licenses and special conveyances

Form DSP-83

The nontransfer and use certificate required for significant military equipment and classified articles. From Reexports, retransfers and end use assurances

Four years

The period after which a case with no invoices must move to final closure. From Closure deadlines and what happens to leftover funds

Framework of Responsible State Behavior in Cyberspace

The framework whose advancement is among the listed program purposes. From Cyberspace and digital connectivity assistance

Freight differential

The gap between American and foreign-flag charter or freight rates. From Where assistance funds may buy

Fringe benefits rate

The published rate that recovers the government’s share of civilian benefits. From How personnel services are priced

FTP

Funded Transportation Program, using a contracted ocean carrier. From Moving donated supplies and responding to a disaster

Full contract cost

The contract cost to the Department plus recurring support costs and surcharges, the basis for pricing a new procurement. From Pricing a new procurement for a sale

Full cooperation

Disclosure and access in investigations, without waiving privilege or constitutional rights. From Private security functions under the FAR and DFARS

Full cost

The project cost each participant shares, including overhead, administrative costs and claims. From Cooperative projects under the Arms Export Control Act

All direct costs plus a proportional share of indirect costs, used for Rates A and B. From How a full cost tuition rate is built

Full rate production

The production state the equipment has not yet reached when the rule applies. From Buying a system still in testing

Full satisfaction

Acceptance of a settlement as complete payment of a patent or information claim. From False claims, improper payments and patent claims

Fully automatic

Firing more than one shot automatically, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger. From USML Category I: firearms

Function test

The rule that a unit's actual duties, not its name, decide whether it is police. From What may not be purchased, and the exceptions

Functional equivalent

A newer model meeting the same operational objectives under similar constraints. From Pricing equipment sold from stock

A newer model or variant that meets the same operational objectives under similar constraints. From How items sold from stock are priced

Functional work force

DCMA’s count of full-time equivalents on sales CAS, updated each quarter. From How contract administration costs are billed

Fund code 66

IMET general costs, for program and course development. From IMET program costs and training it will not fund

Fund code 77

IMET infrastructure costs, for running the expanded IMET schools and Mobile Education Teams. From IMET program costs and training it will not fund

Fund source and availability note

The case note stating the date by which funds must be spent. From After funds are obligated on a capacity case

Fundamental research

University research whose results are ordinarily published and shared broadly. From Licensing technical data and classified exports

Funded transportation program

Commercial surface shipping of donated cargo, paid from limited humanitarian funds. From Shipping donated humanitarian cargo

Funding Authority

The organization that administers program money and oversees program requirements. From Who does what on a capacity building program

Funds received milestone

The entry by the implementing agency that implements a capacity building case. From After funds are obligated on a capacity case

Future correction required

The milestone recording a known pricing error to be fixed on the next amendment. From Line level review of a case

FVR

Foreign visit request, used for visits that do not involve instruction. From Travel orders and the English language threshold

G

G2G Only

The list of items the manual restricts to government to government transfer. SAMM C4.3.5. From Foreign Military Sales or Direct Commercial Sales

G2G-Only list

The published list of items that may move only through government channels. From What may be purchased, and on what terms

Gap analysis

A review of each capability across eight areas, from doctrine and organization to facilities and policy. From From gap analysis to sole source on a capacity case

General ineligibility

The bar on taking part in regulated activity that follows certain convictions, charges or debarments. From Authorizations and who may hold them

General property, plant and equipment

Tangible assets with a useful life of two years or more, not held for sale. From Financial reviews and the financial statements

General Records Schedules

NARA’s schedules for managing and disposing of federal records. From The case file and how long it is kept

General release

A COMSEC release not limited by quantity or tied to one weapon system. From Releasing secure communications equipment

Generic advocacy

Support for American proposals as a group, without favoring any one of them. From International competitions

Geneva Convention card

The card showing the category of persons authorized to accompany the armed forces. From Credentials, reception and return of contractors

Geographic Code 941

The eligibility code referred to in the bar on construction and engineering services. From Where assistance funds may buy

Global project authorization

An authorization for exporters in a government-to-government cooperative project. From Comprehensive authorizations for major programs

Global Train and Equip Delivery Team

The team that manages commercial air deliveries from the consolidation point. From The consolidation point and delivery by air

GNSS

Global Navigation Satellite System, whose military and encrypted receivers are controlled here. From USML Category XII: guidance, navigation and components

Golden Sentry

The monitoring program for government to government transfers, run by DSCA. From What end use monitoring is and where it comes from

Government bill of lading (GBL)

The shipping document used to bill transport, which must not cite the trust fund for working capital fund materiel. From How transportation costs are billed

Government contract exemption

The exemption for brokering under a contract with a United States agency, subject to conditions. From Getting approval for a brokering transaction

Government control

The requirement that funded building sit on land a partner government owns or controls. From Humanitarian construction and partner terms

Government to government transfer

Movement of classified material through official channels between authorized representatives of two governments. From Escorting classified cargo and filing the export

Graduated force procedures

Procedures the command guidance must set alongside the rules for the use of force. From Arming and accounting for private security personnel

Gross weight rating

Maximum operating weight or displacement of a conveyance, used in the Category XX uncrewed vessel test. From USML Categories VI and XX: naval vessels

The defined weight measure, which must not exceed 8,000 pounds for the exemption. From Suspensions, satellite parts and underwater vehicles

Ground sample distance

The imaging resolution measure, taken from the spacecraft’s nadir position. From USML Category XV: spacecraft

GSA

General security agreement, the bilateral instrument on mutual protection of classified information. From Disclosure of classified military information

Guaranty

Protection for a lender doing business in the United States against nonpayment, under section 24. From Foreign military sales credit and who may receive it

A United States promise to a private lender against nonpayment, under 22 U.S.C. 2764. From Grant financing, loans and guaranties

Guaranty reserve

The reserve that pays claims on guaranteed loans and takes back later recoveries. From How the Special Defense Acquisition Fund works

Guest ratio

The minimum share of students at program social events with guests. From The Field Studies Program and student costs

Guns and armament

Guns, howitzers, artillery, cannons, mortars, recoilless rifles and grenade launchers above .50 caliber. From USML Category II: guns and armament

H

HA

Humanitarian assistance, the project program covering the five sectors. SAMM C12.2.2. From What OHDACA funds and the authorities behind it

HATP

Humanitarian assistance transportation programs, the pair covering donated cargo. SAMM C12.7.1. From Moving donated supplies and responding to a disaster

High-income country

A purchaser eligible for additional cost pricing of training. From Pricing dedicated programs and training teams

Highest financial requirement

The line-level figure a case reduction must cover unless a lower one is explained. From Supply complete, and reducing a case

HMA

Humanitarian mine action, run under 10 U.S.C. 407. From What OHDACA funds and the authorities behind it, Humanitarian mine action and excess property transfers

Hold and suspend

The ordinary system capabilities, which do not take time out of the measurement. From Putting a case on hold

Holding account

Where returned funds land, rather than being paid out to the partner. From Closure deadlines and what happens to leftover funds

Where unmatched deposits and excess funds wait for instructions from the partner. From The trust fund, and getting money back out of it

Host nation

The country NATO designates to carry out an investment program project. From NATO support programs and foreign project contributions

Host nation exclusion

Nationals or ordinary residents of the host nation fall outside the definitions. From Criminal jurisdiction over contractors abroad

Hosted payload

Equipment using a spacecraft’s spare capacity for an independent mission, unable to operate alone. From USML Category XV: spacecraft

Hostile environment

A geographic area formally identified as unsafe for personnel. SAMM C8.5.9. From Golden Sentry visits, ratings and hostile environments

Hot section

Combustion chambers, turbine blades, vanes and disks and related cooled structures. From USML Category XIX: gas turbine engines

Housekeeping data

Spacecraft health, status and raw output data, carved out of the technical data controls. From USML Category XV: spacecraft

Human capital initiative

The University’s mechanism for career paths, certification and assignment of the workforce. From The security cooperation workforce

Human rights vetting

Screening that must be complete before any assistance reaches a security force unit or individual. From What makes a humanitarian project fundable

Screening required for every tour participant, except on tours paid with purchaser funds. From Observer training and orientation tours

Humanitarian purpose

The statutory test. Civilians must be the primary beneficiary, and reconstruction or security work is excluded. From What makes a humanitarian project fundable

Hybrid response

An answer combining government and commercial elements on one requirement. From The three kinds of answer to a letter of request

I

IA

Implementing agency, decided by weeks of training rather than by number of courses. From The authorities behind international military training

IA report card

The monthly DFAS-IN report on each agency’s delivery reporting. From Delivery reporting on a case

ICRAS

The interagency country risk assessment rating on which eligibility is presumed. From Terms of sale and the dependable undertaking

The interagency country risk rating on which DU eligibility mainly rests. From Keeping and losing the dependable undertaking

ICT

Information and communications technology, the infrastructure and services the part seeks to make secure and trustworthy. From Cyberspace and digital connectivity assistance

IFF Modes 4 and 5

American government identification friend or foe modes that bring equipment into paragraph (a)(5). From USML Category XI: communications, sensors and components

Image intensifier tube

A night vision tube, controlled in weapon sights from second generation upward and in viewers from autogated third generation upward. From USML Category XII: fire control, lasers and night vision

IMET

International Military Education and Training, a State Department program jointly managed with the defense agency. SAMM C10.6.1. From What the IMET program funds

IMET medical factor

A charge per student training line, $35 in the manual’s example, that pays students’ medical costs. From How a student’s healthcare is covered

Implementation

The step that opens a case in every data system once it is signed and any deposit is received. From Implementing a case and warning of delays

Implementing agency

The military department organization or defense agency that builds and runs an individual case. SAMM C1.3.2.6. From What Foreign Military Sales is and who takes part

The military department organization or defense agency that runs a case. SAMM C1.3.2.6. From How a US company supplies a Foreign Military Sale

The military department or defense agency that actually executes a case. From Who holds which authority

Implementing agency (IA)

An organization authorized to receive letters of request and prepare offers. From Preparing an offer

Implementing partner

An organization carrying out an assistance award. From Findings, notices and public assistance data

Import ban

The third-tier sanction barring imports of a foreign person’s products for at least two years. From Missile sanctions on foreign persons

Import Certificate

An importing government’s authenticated confirmation that the importer will not divert the goods. From Temporary licenses and special conveyances

Import sanction

A bar on importing products made by a sanctioned person. From Sanctions for aiding chemical or biological weapons

IMS

International military student, the person receiving training under a security assistance program. SAMM C10.3.4. From The authorities behind international military training

International military student, the term used throughout the manual. From Travel orders and the English language threshold

IMSO

The international military student office at the training location. From Living allowance, healthcare and dependents, The living allowance during training

The International Military Student Office at a school, which verifies and reports an absence. From Unauthorized absence, cancellation and sanctions

Incentive payment

Money paid to induce another American person to buy from the offset country, which section 39A prohibits. From Reporting fees, commissions and political contributions

Incident response team

A partner capability for cybersecurity watch, warning, response and recovery that the part may help develop. From Cyberspace and digital connectivity assistance

Incidental fibers

Cotton, natural fiber or wool worth no more than 10 percent of the end product and no more than $200,000. From Berry Amendment food, clothing and textiles

Incremental expenses

Rations, fuel, training ammunition, transportation and other goods and services a partner consumes by taking part. From Training and exercises with foreign forces

Indemnification letter

A government’s written commitment to pay its student’s and dependents’ healthcare bills. From How a student’s healthcare is covered

Indemnity letter

A government undertaking to pay healthcare bills directly. From Living allowance, healthcare and dependents

Indirect cost

The cost of resources used jointly across an installation. From How a full cost tuition rate is built

Indirect cost rate

A predetermined percentage used to pay university overhead on cost-type contracts. From Contracting authority and the five-year limit

Indirect offset

An offset transaction unrelated to the item being exported. From What an offset is and who is party to it

Individual nonavailability

A determination by the head of the contracting activity for a particular article. From When Buy American does not apply to supplies

Individual protective equipment

Items such as protective ensembles, body armor and helmets, issued when authorized. From Government support to deployed contractors

Ineligible commodity

A commodity or related service the President has ruled out for payment from assistance funds. From False claims, improper payments and patent claims

Ineligible person

A person barred under the regulations, whose involvement removes the exemptions. From Getting approval for a brokering transaction

A person barred under the regulations, whom others may not serve without prior disclosure and authorization. From What counts as an export violation

Inherently governmental

Functions contractors may not perform; in that context armed contractors are limited to defensive force. From How private security contractors are governed

Inherently governmental function

A function the cited acquisition rules and Circular A-76 bar from private sector performance. From What the contract can and cannot do abroad

Initial deposit

The payment at acceptance, built from several components rather than a flat percentage. From Payment schedules, billing and late payment

The first payment, covering nonrecurring costs and outlays before the first quarterly payment. From How a payment schedule is built

Initial issue quantity

The first quantity of an item the American armed forces require. From How the Special Defense Acquisition Fund works

Initial notification

The first notice, made immediately after discovery, followed by a full disclosure within 60 days. From The voluntary disclosure policy

Initial point of shipment

The moment an article is released from United States custody for delivery. SAMM C7.3. From Title transfer and who carries the risk in transit

Initiative design document

The three to five year plan detailed enough for an implementing agency to source articles and services against. From Planning a grant funded program

Institutional capacity building

A required element, certified before a program starts. 10 U.S.C. 333(c)(4). From Section 333, the authority to build partner capacity

Intake to Prioritization

The six phase route every request travels before it becomes a funded project. From How security cooperation systems get funded

Integrated Country Strategy (ICS)

The four-year strategy for a country, led by the Chief of Mission. From How a security cooperation organization plans

Intent to replace

The decision, taken when the agreement is entered into, that determines how a stock sale is priced. From Pricing equipment sold from stock

Inter-American Air Forces Academy

An Air Force school for military personnel of the Americas and other eligible countries. From Specialized schools for partner forces

Inter-American Defense College

A college for officers and officials of Organization of American States member states, which the Defense Department may staff and support. From Specialized schools for partner forces

Inter-European Air Forces Academy

An Air Force school for NATO, Partnership for Peace and eligible Africa Command countries. From Specialized schools for partner forces

Interagency housing board

The embassy board that approves residential leases where required. From How the annual training working group works

Intergovernmental support agreement

One of the two routes for partnering the Center with an institution of higher education. From The Irregular Warfare Center and fellowship program

Interim closure

Closed but reversible, used where obligations remain against the case. From How a case is reconciled and closed

Closure of an ACCP case that may still see disbursements already funded by the purchaser. From The accounting steps in closing a case

Intermediate consignee

A party that receives treaty items only to pass them on, without access. From Moving items within a treaty community

Internal Transaction Number

The number the filing system generates on acceptance, which must appear on shipment documents. From Escorting classified cargo and filing the export

The number from the electronic export filing, presented to Customs and Border Protection on departure. From USML Category X: personal protective equipment

The number proving a filing was made in CBP’s system. From Filing export information for ITAR shipments

International agreement exception

The statutory exception that lets a purchaser’s written direction justify a named source. From When a buyer names the supplier

International competition

A procurement in which a partner evaluates American and non-American proposals against its own criteria. From International competitions

International military student (IMS)

A foreign student attending American training, whose travel IMET may fund. From IMET student travel and allowances

International Military Student Office (IMSO)

The school office that reviews travel orders and policies and briefs students. From Who does what on student healthcare

Invitation-only PME

Senior and intermediate courses open to foreign students only by invitation. From IMET program costs and training it will not fund

Invitational travel order

The order authorizing a student’s travel, which states the healthcare arrangement. From Who does what on student healthcare

The order that sets out the support a student receives under the case. From The Field Studies Program and student costs

Invitational travel order (ITO)

The order authorizing a student’s travel and attendance, which also records equivalent rank. From IMET student travel and allowances

IR&D and B&P

Independent research and development, and bid and proposal, two of the costing elements named in the statute. From The United States position on offsets and cost recovery

Iron and steel test

Foreign iron and steel must be under 5 percent of component cost. From What makes an end product domestic

Irregular Warfare Center

The Center for Strategic Studies in Irregular Warfare, the Department’s central mechanism for irregular warfare knowledge. From The Irregular Warfare Center and fellowship program

Isolated personnel

People cut off from their organization who must survive and evade until recovered. From When the operational area clause applies

People unaccounted for while supporting an operation who may need to survive, evade, resist or escape. From Who counts as deployed contractor personnel

ISP 98

The International Standby Practices, the rules every SBLC for these sales must follow. From The standby letter of credit for termination liability

ISPM 15

The international standard governing wooden packaging, enforced country by country. From Packaging, marking and insurance

ITAR

International Traffic in Arms Regulations, 22 CFR parts 120 to 130. From Foreign Military Sales or Direct Commercial Sales

ITO

Invitational travel order, the document that authorizes and carries a student. From The authorities behind international military training

Invitational travel order, which does not issue until screening is complete. SAMM C10.8.1. From Screening an international military student

The order authorizing a student to attend, generated only by the training management system. SAMM C10.11.1. From Travel orders and the English language threshold

J

Javits Report

The annual report to Congress of sales expected for offer in the calendar year, due by 1 February. From The forecast, and the Javits report to Congress

JMPAB

The board that reviews and acts on designator change requests for the Chairman. From Priority of supply and force activity designators

Job order basis

The pricing of repair or modification by the actual or estimated cost of the job. From Pricing storage, repair, facilities and publications

Joint certification

The Defense and State certification, with a 15-day wait, required to support an operation without American forces. From Operational support and ministry of defense advisors

Joint Combined Exchange Training

Special operations training abroad, funded mainly to train American forces. From Other routes into American military training

Joint Consolidation Point (JCP)

A point where small items from several American vendors are gathered for shipment, excluding weapons and ammunition. From Shipping capacity building equipment

Joint resolution

The means by which Congress may block a rescission within 45 days. From How the terrorism ban binds the government

Joint resolution of disapproval

The instrument by which Congress can prohibit a proposed sale within the review period. From Congressional notification of arms sales under 36(b)

The means by which Congress may block larger leases within the notice period. From Leasing defense articles

Joint visual inspection

An inspection of materiel by the purchaser before it accepts an as-is offer. From Support terms and pen and ink changes in an offer

Justification and approval

The document needed for any sole source request. From From gap analysis to sole source on a capacity case

JVI

Joint visual inspection, which the partner pays to attend. SAMM EDA.2.4. From Who pays for an excess defense articles transfer

K

Kinetic energy weapon

A system that accelerates masses to very high velocity to destroy a target or force a mission abort. From USML Category II: guns and armament

L

Lapse

A gap in required insurance, which can lead to removal of dependents or the student. From Who does what on student healthcare

Laser target designator

A laser that marks a target to mediate delivery of ordnance. From USML Category XII: fire control, lasers and night vision

Law of war

The part of international law that regulates the conduct of armed hostilities. From Supporting deployed forces under DFARS 252.225-7040

LE Staff

Locally employed staff, either foreign service nationals or personal services hires. From The security cooperation organization

Lead nation

The single eligible buyer, country or alliance body, that signs the case and later passes the equipment on. SAMM C5.8.2.1. From When one nation buys for several

Leahy vetting

Human rights screening for gross violations and human trafficking, triggered by United States funding. From Screening an international military student

Human rights vetting of the units and commanders to be trained, not required where the partner pays. From How a team is asked for and manned

Lease

A transfer of defense articles from Department stocks for a fixed term, with the articles returned at the end. From Leasing defense articles

Leave and holiday factor

An 18 percent addition for wages paid during leave and holidays, not applied to full-time staff. From How personnel services are priced

Legacy case

A case implemented in fiscal year 2017 or earlier, with a closure deadline of 30 September 2027. From Closure deadlines and what happens to leftover funds

Legislative notification

The written notice that holds a large treaty export for 30 days. From Marking and records for treaty exports

Letter of authorization

The SPOT-generated document needed to deploy and move in the operational area. From Supporting deployed forces under DFARS 252.225-7040

Letter of commitment

A lending instrument the President may issue when making loans under the Act. From Contracting authority and the five-year limit

An instrument issued against a special account that is a recordable obligation. From Allocating assistance funds to other agencies

Level A/B

The minimum military packing standard applied to shipments under a case. SAMM C7.8.1. From Packaging, marking and insurance

Liability statement

The clause making the purchaser liable for damage caused by student negligence. From How tuition rates are set

Liaison officer

A foreign officer temporarily assigned to a Defense Department headquarters, whose support may be provided. From Personnel exchanges and liaison officers

License

A document bearing that word that permits a transaction in a specific article or service. From Authorizations and who may hold them

License amendment

A limited change to a license, such as adding a freight forwarder. From What a license application must show

Licensed production

Foreign manufacture under a license from an American entity. From Procurement, surveys and administrative expenses

Limited access authorization

The narrow permission allowing a locally employed staff member access, never granted as a convenience. From Security duties in the embassy office

Limited liability

The carrier's capped exposure, which is why commercial insurance exists. From Packaging, marking and insurance

Limiting factors

Examples, from labor permits to hazardous duty pay, of conditions affecting local and third country hires. From Discipline, force protection and arming in theater

Liquidation

Settlement of the balance left by an unequal exchange. From Exchanging support and medical care with allies

Settling accrued credits and liabilities, required at least once every 12 months. From Paying for cross-servicing transactions

LOA

Letter of Offer and Acceptance, the instrument that records the sale. Defined at SAMM C5.6.1. From What Foreign Military Sales is and who takes part

Letter of Offer and Acceptance. SAMM C5.6.1. From How an FMS case is built, from request to agreement

Letter of offer and acceptance, the legal instrument that makes the sale. From The three kinds of answer to a letter of request

Letter of Offer and Acceptance, which carries the standard terms reproducing the statutory undertakings. From What end use monitoring is and where it comes from

Letter of Offer and Acceptance, the government to government agreement that records a Foreign Military Sales case. From The United States position on offsets and cost recovery

Loan period

A fixed term of no more than five years, during which the United States may recall the article. From The military assistance program in the statute

Logistic support, supplies, and services

The defined list of goods and services, from food and fuel to port services, the subchapter covers. From What an acquisition and cross-servicing agreement is

Logistics support charge

A charge recalculated only against deliveries shipped before 1 October 2007. From Line level review of a case

LOR

Letter of Request, the purchaser's written request that starts a case. SAMM C5.2.1. From How an FMS case is built, from request to agreement

Letter of request, the written request that starts a case. No prescribed format. From Before a letter of request

LOR actionable

The point at which a request meets the mandatory criteria and drafting may begin. From Naming the item, and the clock on a request

LOR actionable date

The date reset when a requirement changes significantly before the document is offered. From Putting a case on hold

LOR advisory

A memorandum notifying two senior offices that a request for a listed item has arrived. From Planning and advice before a request

Low probability of intercept

Measures that disguise, delay or prevent interception of acoustic or electromagnetic signals. From USML Category XI: sonar, radar and electronic warfare

Lower control

The transportation account’s floor, based on five years of history. From The contract administration and transportation accounts

Lowest common denominator

The rule that a mixed group either buys at the level everyone can receive, or splits into separate cases. From When one nation buys for several

M

Major component

An assembled element without which the end item cannot operate. From Implementing a case and warning of delays

Major defense equipment

Significant Military Equipment above set development or production cost thresholds. From Pricing excess articles and firm prices

A defined class of significant military equipment used to set the lower certification thresholds. From Congressional certification and general exemptions

Significant military equipment above set development or production cost levels. From ITAR definitions that set the level of control

Major non-NATO ally

For this section, a country the Secretary of Defense so designates with the Secretary of State’s concurrence. From Cooperative research and development agreements

A designation made or ended on 30 days written notice to Congress. From Stockpiles, overseas staff and major non-NATO allies

Major program authorization

One authorization for a single exporter providing all phases of support to a program. From Comprehensive authorizations for major programs

Major project authorization

One authorization for a defined commercial project led by a prime with named partners. From Comprehensive authorizations for major programs

Major refurbishment work

Work with a period of performance of 6 months or more, which may extend a lease beyond five years. From Leasing defense articles

Mandatory evacuation

An ordered departure in which contractors get the help given to private citizens. From Working under the operational area clause

Mandatory instruction

At least eight hours for each student on human rights, the rule of law and related subjects. From The Western Hemisphere Institute

MANPADS

Man-portable air defense systems, among the weapons the Secretary may secure or eliminate abroad. From Nonproliferation and export control assistance

Man-portable air defense systems, listed separately with their grip stocks. From USML Category IV: rockets, missiles and munitions

Manpower travel data sheet

The standard format in which case funded manpower, travel and support costs are reported. From Who pays for the people on a case

Manufacturing license agreement

An approved agreement granting a foreign person rights to manufacture a defense article. From What a defense services agreement is

MAP Merger

A source of grant funds drawn down and spent ahead of FMF and national funds. From Cash management in the trust fund

MAPAD

Military Assistance Program Address Directory, which holds the address a notice is sent to. From Title transfer and who carries the risk in transit

Military Assistance Program Address Directory, the source of every shipping and notice address. SAMM C7.7.1. From The Defense Transportation System and delivery documents

MARAD

Maritime Administration, which issues non-availability waivers from cargo preference. From Who pays for an excess defense articles transfer

Maritime Administration, which determines availability and receives the compliance report. From Cargo preference and the rules on flag carriers

Mark For address

The delivery address on the contract, or the one available at booking, to which materiel is sent. From Handing over capacity building equipment

Market value

The price of bona fide sales of products of like kind, quality and quantity. From Pricing excess articles and firm prices

Masked country code

A placeholder code that keeps a sensitive purchaser unidentified before notification. From Preparing a 36(b) notification package

MASL

The controlled list entry identifying an article or service on an agreement. From Naming the item, and the clock on a request

Military Articles and Services List, whose designator codes an article as enhanced on a case line. From Routine and enhanced end use monitoring

MASL point of contact

The person in the drafting agency responsible for the accuracy of a list request. From Naming the item, and the clock on a request

Material contribution

Knowing help, through exports or other transactions, to a covered weapons program. From Sanctions for aiding chemical or biological weapons

Materiel notice

A warning that a production line is ending or a buy is being made, with a deadline. From What the office does for industry

Maturity

The point at which stocks are adequate to sustain the fill of incoming requisitions. From Cooperative logistics supply support arrangements

MCP

Minimal cost project, at or below $30,000 and providing nothing to a security force. SAMM C12.3.2.2. From How a humanitarian assistance project is approved

MDE

Major defense equipment, defined at 22 U.S.C. 2794(6). From Congressional notification of arms sales under 36(b)

Major defense equipment, set by a $50 million development or $200 million production cost. SAMM C4.4. From What may be purchased, and on what terms

Medical waiver

An individual approval to deploy despite a listed condition. From Medical and dental fitness for deploying contractors

MEJA

The Military Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Act of 2000, 18 U.S.C. 3261 to 3267. From Criminal jurisdiction over contractors abroad

Melted and rolled

The test for covered steel plate used in government facilities. From Bearings, steel plate, forgings and shipyards

Memorandum of Agreement

The agreement between DSCA and the purchaser governing the whole life of the SBLC. From The standby letter of credit for termination liability

Memorandum of Request

A pre-planning document setting out a program’s detailed requirements. From Who does what on a capacity building program

Memorandum of understanding

The instrument governing participation in a center, including any cost-sharing arrangement. From State partnerships and centers of excellence

Memorandum record

An offline record of a canceled but valid obligation, used when it is later paid. From Accounting for administrative funds

Mid-year review

The April review of programs and expiring funds by each Combatant Command. From How OHDACA money is obligated and returned

Milestone B

The Defense Department approval a developmental system needs before treaty export. From How the defense trade treaties work

Military assistance

Grant or loan of defense articles and services, or noncombatant personnel, under Part II of the Act. From The military assistance program in the statute

Military end user

Armed services, national guard, national police, intelligence organizations and those supporting military end uses. From USML Category XII: fire control, lasers and night vision

Military export sales

Foreign Military Sales or commercial sales of defense articles and services, or of the relevant Commerce controlled items. From What an offset is and who is party to it

Military training

Formal or informal instruction of foreign units and forces, including exercises, publications and advice. From USML Category IX: training equipment and training

MILSGN

The milestone recording the drafting agency approval, a precursor to state coordination. From How a case gets countersigned

Mine

A munition placed on or near a surface and exploded by a person or vehicle. From USML Category IV: rockets, missiles and munitions

Minimal content

Noncompliant specialty metal of no more than 2 percent of total specialty metal weight. From Exceptions to the specialty metals rule

Minimal-dollar line

A token-value placeholder line, allowed only by exception. From What a modification may change

Minimum period

The 12 months a sanction must run before it can end or be waived. From Sanctions for aiding chemical or biological weapons

Ministry of defense advisor

A Defense Department civilian or service member assigned to advise a foreign defense ministry or regional organization. From Operational support and ministry of defense advisors

Miscellaneous receipts

The general Treasury account that receives credit repayments and fees. From How the Special Defense Acquisition Fund works

Mission data file

The emitter library inside an electronic warfare system, written from Department of Defense parametric data. From Electronic warfare and friend or foe systems

Mission essential

Positions so designated, for which the contractor must keep essential services going. From Conduct, rights and accountability for deployed contractors

Mission essential tasks

The tasks of the participating American unit, which training with foreign forces should support. From Training and exercises with foreign forces

Mission Resource Request (MRR)

The annual embassy request that starts the State and USAID budget process. From How a security cooperation organization plans

Mission sustainment items

Housing, medical support, guards, drivers and the rest, treated as essential to the mission. From Who a deployed team answers to

Mission systems

Defense article systems performing military functions such as communication, targeting or surveillance. From USML Categories VI and XX: naval vessels

Defense article systems providing functions such as military communication, targeting or surveillance. From USML Category VII: ground vehicles

Mission tasking matrix

The document through which the State Department asks for specific Defense support. From Paying for foreign disaster relief

Mitigating factor

A consideration that may reduce administrative penalties, at the Directorate’s sole discretion. From The voluntary disclosure policy

Mobile Education Team (MET)

A team that delivers IMET education programs, whose running costs count as infrastructure. From IMET program costs and training it will not fund

Mobilization base

Forging quantities above what maintains it, if an economical purchase quantity, are open to qualifying country sources. From Bearings, steel plate, forgings and shipyards

Modification

An administrative change within scope, made unilaterally. From Amendments and modifications

The instrument used for changes that stay within the existing scope. From Changing a case, and the scope test

A unilateral, within-scope administrative change to a case. From What a modification may change

Modified medical coverage arrangement

A coverage plan that departs from policy and needs a waiver. From Who does what on student healthcare

Months

The months field on a line, which can change for adverse events without changing scope. From What a modification may change

Months allowed for services

The permitted duration, set by the appropriation and the requirement, never defaulted to the legal maximum. From Services and training on a grant case

MOR and TEL

Memorandum of request and training and equipment list, the capacity building equivalents of a Letter of Request. From What Building Partner Capacity is and who the customer is

Movement control

Coordination of contractor movements outside secure bases and diplomatic properties. From Arming and accounting for private security personnel

(MT) annotation

The marker for defense articles on the Missile Technology Control Regime Annex. From USML Category IV: rockets, missiles and munitions

The mark on Munitions List entries covered by the regime’s controls. From Screening missile technology and large drones

MTCR

Missile Technology Control Regime, a voluntary arrangement controlling delivery system proliferation. From Anti-tamper and system specific release requirements

A voluntary international arrangement controlling missiles and drones able to carry weapons of mass destruction. From Screening missile technology and large drones

MTCR adherent

A regime participant, or a country controlling items under an understanding with the United States. From Missile sanctions on foreign persons

MTCR Annex

The regime’s guidelines and its list of controlled equipment and technology. From Missile licenses and sanctions on American persons

MTT

Mobile training team, a team that delivers training in the partner country rather than in the United States. From The authorities behind international military training

Mobile training team, allowed under this program only with a prior policy waiver. From What the IMET program funds

MTT and MET

Mobile training and education teams, capped at 179 days. From The teams sent to a partner country

Multi-Service LOA

A single offer covering several weapon systems managed by more than one agency. From Preparing an offer

Multi-stop delivery

Delivery through several inspection and registration offices, planned before arrival. From Buying and shipping humanitarian project equipment

Multilateral auspices

Placement of transferred enrichment items under shared international management. From Aid cutoffs for enrichment and reprocessing transfers

Multinational center of excellence

A NATO-accredited, nation-sponsored center, or one of two named institutions, that American personnel may join. From State partnerships and centers of excellence

Multipack

A box holding several items, which must be marked as such. From Packaging, marking and insurance

Munitions item

Any item on the Munitions List, whether or not it crosses the border. From How the terrorism ban binds the government

N

NAICS

North American Industry Classification System, the six digit code the report requires. From Reporting offsets to the Bureau of Industry and Security

Narrative summary

Each country entry’s overview of objectives and link to the combatant command’s strategy. From The annual security cooperation report

National funds

Cash from the partner, and by treatment donations, unguaranteed private financing and NATO staff money. SAMM C9.7.1. From Paying with a bank letter of credit

The only money this model accepts. Grant funding does not run through it. From When one nation buys for several

National service obligation

A duty to serve the home country after graduation, which gives an applicant selection priority. From Foreign cadets at the service academies

National technology and industrial base

Producers in the United States, Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. From Items tied to the national industrial base

The interest protected by the determination at 22 U.S.C. 2321j(b)(1)(E) and 22 U.S.C. 2761(k). From The conditions on an excess defense articles transfer

NATO subsidiary body

A NATO organization or international military headquarters covered by the two status treaties the definition names. From What an acquisition and cross-servicing agreement is

NC

Nonrecurring cost recovery, charged on major defense equipment and waivable on four stated grounds. From What goes into the price, and what can be waived

NDPC

National Disclosure Policy Committee, the central authority for the policy and for most exceptions to it. From Disclosure of classified military information

Net aid flow

Assistance to a country after taking account of debt relief. From The annual assistance report and strategy

Net arrearage

Cumulative requirements less cumulative payments, the basis on which interest is assessed. From Payment schedules, billing and late payment

Net price

Standard price less credit, used for exchange of reparable working capital fund items. From How items sold from stock are priced

Net proceeds

The amount from a sale of granted equipment that returns to the United States. 22 U.S.C. 2314(f). From Third party transfer and retransfer consent

NIJ RF3

The armor protection level at or above which body armor, helmets and plates are on the USML. From USML Category X: personal protective equipment

Nine years

The point, measured from the completion status date, at which remaining funds are returned. From Closure deadlines and what happens to leftover funds

No splitting

Acquisitions may not be divided to fall below a threshold. From How trade agreements affect federal purchases

NOA

Notice of availability, DD Form 1348-5, telling a purchaser an item is ready for shipment. SAMM C7.11.1. From Title transfer and who carries the risk in transit

Notice of availability, the message that an item is ready and needs release coordination. SAMM C7.11.1. From Notices of availability and what transport costs

Non specific requirements line

A line for requirements not yet defined, capped below a tenth of the case value. From The approvals a case has to carry

Non-CAAF

Contractor personnel, often local, who work away from and do not live with the force. From Supporting deployed forces under DFARS 252.225-7040

Contractor personnel without that designation, such as local national employees. From Who counts as deployed contractor personnel

Non-entity account receivable

The receivable set up when a purchaser misses a payment due date on an accepted case. From How the trust fund keeps its books

Non-excess article

An asset within the approved force acquisition objective and retention stock. From How items sold from stock are priced

Non-government rate

The rate billed for American services used by a sales case student. From The Field Studies Program and student costs

Non-inventory courseware

Courseware built at a partner’s request that the United States does not already offer. From How tuition rates are set

Non-lethal countermeasures

Measures short of firing a weapon, whose use can be a reportable incident. From Arming and accounting for private security personnel

Non-ministry sale

A sale to a body outside defense control, needing prior approval. From Who may buy, and how eligibility works

Non-nuclear-weapon state

A country that is not a nuclear-weapon state under the Non-Proliferation Treaty. From Aid cutoffs for enrichment and reprocessing transfers

Non-program of record

A line for items outside any American program of record, typed in three groups. From Support terms and pen and ink changes in an offer

A non-standard system the Defense Department has not adopted, fielded or funded. From Paying for work before a case exists

Non-repayable FMF

Grant funding, produced by a proviso in the annual appropriations act rather than by the Arms Export Control Act. From Grant financing, loans and guaranties

Non-severable service

Work producing a single unified outcome, funded in full at award and able to run across fiscal years. From Services and training on a grant case

Non-severable training

A course treated as one undertaking, which may run beyond the funding period. From Training on a humanitarian project

Non-specific requirements line

A holding line for budgeted funds, limited to ten percent of the offer. From Support terms and pen and ink changes in an offer

Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund

A program whose 2002 appropriations are treated as made under this part. From Nonproliferation and export control assistance

Nonrecurring cost

A proportionate share of research, development and production cost for major defense equipment, chargeable under 22 U.S.C. 2761(e)(1)(B) unless the case is wholly non-repayable. From What non-repayable funding changes on a case

A charge recovering earlier development or production investment, waived on these cases. SAMM C15.3.7.2.4. From How a BPC case runs and closes on appropriated money

Nonrecurring cost recoupment

The per unit development charge that must appear on a request for major equipment. From Naming the item, and the clock on a request

The charge recovering a share of development and production investment in MDE. From How the nonrecurring cost charge is calculated

A charge earned when title passes, and collected within 30 calendar days. From How the cash advance on a case is calculated

Nonrefundable minimum

The administrative amount kept when a case closes, even with nothing delivered. From How the administrative surcharge is applied

Nonrepayable funds

Money provided on a grant basis, which triggers the pricing rule at 22 U.S.C. 2762(d). From The United States position on offsets and cost recovery

Not medically fit

The status that bars deployment unless a waiver is approved. From Medical and dental fitness for deploying contractors

Notice and wait

The 15 day period between congressional notification and the start of activities. From Section 333, the authority to build partner capacity

A joint notice to Congress and a 30 day wait before funds pass to another agency. From How Defense Department security cooperation is managed

Notice of claim

The registered mail notice that starts withholding and the one-year clock. From False claims, improper payments and patent claims

Notice of delivery

The SCO’s written notice to the partner of what is arriving, when, where and for which unit. From Shipping capacity building equipment

Notice of finding and recommendation

An audit finding, which starts a corrective action plan with dated milestones. From Auditing the security assistance accounts

Notification message

The formal notice at sixty days fixing dates, team members and the articles to be assessed. From Planning a compliance visit, and reporting a violation

Notification package

The documents an implementing agency submits to DSCA before a sale is notified to Congress. From Preparing a 36(b) notification package

Numbered certification

The notice to Congress at least 30 days before a cooperative project agreement is signed. From Cooperative projects under the Arms Export Control Act

O

OA request

The DD 2060 request for obligational authority, with Part A by line and Part B by appropriation. From The Planning Directive and the OA request

Obligation

Orders, contracts and similar transactions that will need payment. From How OHDACA money is obligated and returned

Obligational authority (OA)

The authority recorded for an implemented case, controlled line by line. From Budget and obligational authority on a case

Observer training

Watching methods and procedures outside a formal course, allowed only where no course exists. From Observer training and orientation tours

Occupational arrangement

One of the two bases on which host country property, services and supplies may be accepted. From Foreign contributions and burden sharing

OED

Offer expiration date, after which an offer is no longer valid. From Amendments and modifications

Off-line documentation

The unclassified supporting files, due within 24 hours of the approval milestone. From How a case gets countersigned

Offer expiration date

The date the offer lapses, generated automatically unless the implementing agency overrides it. From How a Letter of Offer and Acceptance is drafted

The date by which a case must implement, after which it is delayed and may be canceled. From Implementing a case and warning of delays

Offer release code

The letter on the case that decides whether a notice is sent and what silence means. From Notices of availability and what transport costs

Offered status

The state in which an agreement can still be changed, before the purchaser signs and before the offer expires. From The embassy office and a new case

Office of Small Business

The office that helps small firms take part in assistance purchases. From Where assistance funds may buy

Official reception and representation expenses

Hospitality costs, capped at $86,500 a year from administrative charges. From Procurement, surveys and administrative expenses

Official use

Use by a government agency, its employees, or contractors within scope under set safeguards. From The government and official use exemption

Offset

Compensation required as a condition of purchase in a defense sale. 15 CFR 701.2. From What an offset is and who is party to it

Setting credits unpaid for 18 months against amounts the Defense Department owes the same partner. From Paying for cross-servicing transactions

Offset agreement

The commitment a firm accepts to conclude a military export sale. 15 CFR 701.2. From Reporting offsets to the Bureau of Industry and Security

Offset certificate

A classified statement of a proposed offset agreement, kept classified after notification. From Preparing a 36(b) notification package

Offset recovery

Whether a contractor may recover offset costs, which turns on how the case is financed. DFARS 225.7303-2 and 225.7303-5. From What non-repayable funding changes on a case

Offset transaction

An act of performance against an offset agreement for which credit is claimed. From Reporting offsets to the Bureau of Industry and Security

Offsetting collections

Reimbursements that may not be posted to the IMET account. From IMET program costs and training it will not fund

Offshore procurement

Procurement outside the United States with funds made available under the Act, permitted only by waiver determination. SAMM C9.7.2.8.3. From Where Foreign Military Financing may be spent

Using a licensed export of technical data so a foreign firm can make defense articles for an American buyer. From Offshore procurement, warehousing and space systems

Offshore procurement determination

The approval needed for foreign purchases funded with Foreign Military Financing. From When a buyer names the supplier

Offshore procurement waiver

The exceptional determination needed to spend financed funds outside the United States. From Foreign military sales credit and who may receive it

OHASIS

The system of record for developing, approving and managing OHDACA-funded projects. From Managing and reporting humanitarian programs

OHDACA

Overseas Humanitarian, Disaster, and Civic Aid, the appropriation behind these programs. SAMM C12.1.2. From What OHDACA funds and the authorities behind it

The appropriation that funds Defense Department humanitarian assistance and disaster relief. From Managing and reporting humanitarian programs

On-the-job training

Follow-on practical training after a formal course, planned as part of the program. From Observer training and orientation tours

One month availability

The coding that forced the whole value into the initial deposit. From The small case management line

One occasion rule

The rule that a single act of manufacturing, exporting or brokering is enough to require registration. From What counts as an export violation

One year

The general filing deadline, running from delivery or passage of title, whichever comes first. From Supply discrepancy reports and the deadlines on them

One-for-one exchange

The balance rule for semester exchanges with foreign military academies. From Foreign cadets at the service academies

Operating accounts

Component accounts that carry the cost of personnel advising foreign forces under assistance appropriations. From Pricing duties and above-the-line costs

Operational contract support

Orchestrating contract support and managing contractor personnel in a designated operational area. From What operational contract support means

Operational test and evaluation

The government testing a system must complete before it is treated as proven. From Buying a system still in testing

Optical augmentation

Using laser retroreflectance to detect enemy optical or electro-optical equipment. From USML Category XII: fire control, lasers and night vision

Optical density greater than 3

The threshold for controlled laser and flash protection eyewear, filters and coatings. From USML Category X: personal protective equipment

ORC

Offer release code, stating how materiel is released and whether a notice is required. SAMM C7.11.2. From Delivery term codes and freight forwarders

Order of battle

The makeup of a country’s forces, which disclosure of a sale might reveal. From When a sales case is classified

Order of review

The regulation’s method for classifying an item, from general characteristics down to a specific entry. From Commodity jurisdiction and the order of review

Organic vehicle rate

The $4.00 per mile charge for Department vehicles moving sales materiel, including drivers. From How transportation costs are billed

Orientation tour

A short, tailored program introducing foreign officers to American military training and doctrine. From Observer training and orientation tours

Original acquisition cost

The measure used for the $15,000,000 and $45,000,000 limits. From Retained items, excess property and facilities abroad

The measure used for the notification threshold, as distinct from the current value used for the ceiling. From The conditions on an excess defense articles transfer

Original military designation

The letters A, B, E, F, K, M, P, R or S that bring an American aircraft into paragraph (a)(15). From USML Category VIII: aircraft

OT&E incomplete case note

The standard note required in any agreement for equipment that has not completed that testing. From Buying a system still in testing

Other approval

A written approval of a regulated activity, or of the use of an exemption. From Authorizations and who may hold them

Other billable costs

Additions required by law or policy, such as the surcharge and the Field Studies Program. From How a full cost tuition rate is built

Other logistical and operational support

Fuel, transportation, force protection, utilities, medical and maintenance costs of forces in NATO countries. From Foreign contributions and burden sharing

Other significant military operations

Non-combat contingency operations in a high-threat environment where deadly force may be needed. From Private security functions under the FAR and DFARS

Out of cycle request

A request made outside the plan, which is allowed but leaves fewer resourcing options. From How a team is asked for and manned

Overseas Workload Program

The program under which allied firms may bid to maintain, repair or overhaul equipment abroad. From Airlift, refueling, test ranges and overseas repair

P

P&A

Price and Availability data, used for international competitions and building partner capacity. SAMM C5.5. From How an FMS case is built, from request to agreement

Price and availability, prepared only for international competitions and capacity building. From The three kinds of answer to a letter of request

P1, P2, P3

Flag service throughout, mixed service, and entirely foreign flag service. SAMM C7.9.1.3. From Cargo preference and the rules on flag carriers

Panograph

A dental record that American citizen CAAF must provide for identification. From Medical and dental fitness for deploying contractors

PAR

Pre-Letter of Request Assessment Request, used to begin release processes before a formal request exists. From Technology transfer and how a release decision is made

Paragraph (x)

The recurring paragraph that lets EAR items appear on an ITAR license with defense articles. From How the Munitions List is organized

Parity

The price benchmark below which agricultural commodities may not be bought abroad. From Where assistance funds may buy

Participant database

The Defense Department record of each foreign participant and their later career. From The IMET statute, exchanges and participant records

Participating nation

A country named on the case as an approved eventual recipient. From When one nation buys for several

Partner community

Partner government authorities and listed non-governmental entities and facilities. From How the defense trade treaties work

Party to the export

The applicant’s senior officers and directors, its forwarders, and any consignee or end user. From When a license is denied or revoked

Senior officers, board members, forwarders, consignees and end users. From ITAR definitions that set the level of control

Patient movement

Moving the wounded, ill or injured to obtain care, under shared standards. From Exchanging support and medical care with allies

Payload

The total mass a rocket or missile can carry or deliver that is not used to maintain flight. From USML Category IV: rockets, missiles and munitions

Payment schedule curve

A spending profile used to spread a line’s payments over time. From How a payment schedule is built

PC&H

Packing, crating and handling, tapering above $50,000 of unit cost on defined order lines. From What goes into the price, and what can be waived

PCH&T

Packing, crating, handling and transportation, the recipient's cost under 22 U.S.C. 2321j(e). From Who pays for an excess defense articles transfer

PCR lead

The person designated to schedule the meeting, run it, assign actions and circulate minutes. From The review before the document is written

PDA and DDA

Principal and designated disclosure authorities, who authorize release at component and command level. From Disclosure of classified military information

Peacekeeping operations

Assistance under chapter 6 of Part II for peacekeeping and related national security programs. From Drawdowns and peacekeeping assistance

Peak radiance above 710 nm

The tracer threshold aimed at rounds observed with night vision systems. From USML Category III: ammunition and ordnance

Per copy selling price

Total incremental cost of a publication divided by the quantity produced. From Pricing storage, repair, facilities and publications

Per diem

A daily allowance for foreign participants away from home. From What assistance administrative funds may pay for

Performance monitoring plan

The document setting objectives, indicators and baseline data, including the objective tree that links activity to strategy. From Planning a grant funded program

Period of availability

The window in which an appropriation may be obligated. SAMM C15.1.4.1. From How a BPC case runs and closes on appropriated money

The window in which appropriated money may be committed. After it, funds are removed from the case and returned. From Obligating money on a grant case

Personal services contract

A contract with an individual who is not treated as a federal employee. From Allocating assistance funds to other agencies

Personnel recovery

Action to recover isolated, missing, detained, captured or abducted personnel. From Working under the operational area clause

Photovoltaic device

A device converting light directly into electricity by a solid-state semiconductor process. From Solar devices in Defense energy and housing contracts

Physical delivery

Receipt of materiel by the purchaser or its representative, who signs the acceptance documents. From Delivery reporting on a case

Pick and stick rule

The rule that keeps humanitarian and civic assistance on operation and maintenance funds. From What OHDACA pays for, cost by cost

Planning Directive

The DD 2061 working paper showing pricing elements, execution plan and financing. From The Planning Directive and the OA request

Platform certification

The second certification level, covering installed performance rather than the equipment alone. From Electronic warfare and friend or foe systems

PM/RSAT

The State Bureau of Political-Military Affairs office handling transfers of articles acquired through government programs. From Third party transfer and retransfer consent

PME

Professional military education, exempt from the high-cost restriction. From What the IMET program funds

PME exchange

A one-for-one exchange of students between American and foreign military education institutions under section 544. From Other routes into American military training

Policy exception

A Director-approved use of DU on one case for a partner not otherwise eligible. From Keeping and losing the dependable undertaking

Policy justification

The attachment explaining the policy case for a 36(b)(1) sale. From Preparing a 36(b) notification package

Policy of denial

The presumption that licenses and approvals for listed countries will be refused. From The ITAR policy of denial

Political contribution

A payment of $1,000 or more to a foreign political or government recipient to secure such a sale. From Reporting fees, commissions and political contributions

Portfolio Investment Review Board

The board that endorses investments from a business operations perspective. SAMM C13.2.2.1. From How security cooperation systems get funded

Positions of prominence

The annual list of former students who have reached senior command or political office, used to judge the program. From Planning training from the embassy

Positions of Prominence Report

The annual record of former students who reach senior posts. From How the foreign military training report is built

Potential termination costs

The government’s liability to contractors if a contract is terminated, reserved for in the cash advance. From How the cash advance on a case is calculated

Pre-case review

A meeting held with stakeholders on a new case before the document is submitted for processing. From The review before the document is written

Pre-construction scoping

Survey work before a project is submitted, capped at 10 percent of a command’s allocation. From Humanitarian construction and partner terms

Pre-decisional information

Internal discussion of requirements, which may never be shared with the partner. From Planning a grant funded program

Pre-existing condition

A known condition, including pregnancy, that grant programs never cover. From How a student’s healthcare is covered

Pre-LOR

The optional phase before a request is submitted, funded from the administrative surcharge. SAMM C5.1.1. From Before a letter of request

Pre-request activities

Work that helps a partner define a requirement well enough for a complete request. From Paying for work before a case exists

Preaward request

An offeror’s request for a determination before contract award. From Domestic construction materials in US projects

Presentation materials

The budget justification documents sent to Congress each year. From The annual assistance report and strategy

Presidential certification

The written finding that lets barred assistance continue. From Aid cutoffs for enrichment and reprocessing transfers

Presidential determination

The four-part finding that makes a country eligible at all. SAMM Table C4.T1. From Who may buy, and how eligibility works

Presidential finding

A written, signed determination required before action and reported to Congress. From Findings, notices and public assistance data

Presumption of denial

The rule that approvals involving convicted or ineligible persons are refused save in extraordinary cases. From Penalties, debarment and the presumption of denial

Prevalidation

DFAS’s check that an obligation is recorded before a contractor is paid. From Reconciling an active case

Prevention program

The contractor’s program to prevent law of war violations, including training. From Conduct, rights and accountability for deployed contractors

Previous administrative rate

An older surcharge rate kept on a line, which limits how it may change. From What a modification may change

Price and Availability (P&A)

Planning data on cost and availability, not valid for preparing an offer. From International competitions

Pricing benefits

The exclusion of military salaries and nonrecurring costs on a wholly non-repayable case. From What non-repayable funding changes on a case

Primary care

Routine and non-emergency care, normally not provided, and not authorized for non-CAAF. From Government support to deployed contractors

Primary objective

The main security assistance aim the strategy sets for each country. From The annual assistance report and strategy

Prime contractor

The firm holding the sales contract with the foreign entity or with the United States government. From What an offset is and who is party to it

Principal

A country the agent is buying for, and the actual purchaser for notification purposes. From Buying through an agent

Prior authorization

The requirement that assistance appropriations be authorized before they are spent. From Standing bars, caps and winding up

Prior year adjustment

The route for items identified within the original scope after the funding has expired. From Writing a capacity building case

The approved route for changing a case funded by an appropriation that has already expired. From Amending a grant funded case

Priority code A

Training within the country’s planned and expected funding. From Planning and funding the IMET year

Priority code B

Training starting October 1 to December 31 of the next year, eligible for end of year money. From Planning and funding the IMET year

Priority group

The ranking that limits how much of a command's request sits at each level of importance. From How a humanitarian assistance project is approved

Private security contractor

A company contracted by the government for private security functions. From How private security contractors are governed

Private security functions

Guarding people, sites or property, or any armed contract activity. From Private security functions under the FAR and DFARS

Pro rata share

The proportional basis on which each partner is charged, recalculated when the group changes. From Sharing cost, and paying under assessment

The buyer’s portion of operating costs on a jointly used facility, by space or by time. From Pricing storage, repair, facilities and publications

Probationary period

A term of a debarment order holding it in abeyance on conditions, revocable if breached. From How an export enforcement case is heard

Problem disbursement

A payment that cannot be matched to its original obligation or receivable. From Problem disbursements and unpaid bills on an active case

An unmatched disbursement, negative unliquidated obligation or in-transit disbursement. From Year end, write-offs and the Antideficiency Act

Procurement sanction

A bar on government purchases from a sanctioned person. From Sanctions for aiding chemical or biological weapons

Produce

Atomization, sputtering or final consolidation of non-melt derived metal powders. From What counts as a specialty metal

Productive enterprise

A project for which assistance above $100,000,000 needs Congress’s express approval. From Standing bars, caps and winding up

Program baseline

The approved plan for grant funds that requests and cases must follow. From The case manager and the budget cycle

Program management line

A pre-2006 line carrying management cost, frozen in scope and outside the surcharge. From Who pays for the people on a case

Program management review

A case specific meeting the embassy office cannot fund itself, and attends only if the case manager requires it. From The embassy office and a new case

Program master plan

The milestone document required on larger sales and provided to the buyer. From The case manager and the budget cycle

Program-level review

A review of one system or case cluster, driven by milestones. From Case reviews and how often they happen

Program-wide transportation case

The case used to ship items still undelivered when a case closes. From After funds are obligated on a capacity case

Project code

A marker on a requisition; the 9-series outranks others at the same designator and urgency. From Priority of supply and force activity designators

Project cost

Equipment, services, supplies and travel needed to carry out an approved project. From What OHDACA pays for, cost by cost

Project order

An internal government order needing a bona fide need in the year issued, cancelled if work has not begun by the January deadline. From Services and training on a grant case

Project splitting

Dividing an effort to get under a regulatory or fiscal limit. Prohibited at any size. From What makes a humanitarian project fundable

Proposal or presentation

Information detailed enough for a buyer to decide to acquire an item. From The ITAR policy of denial

Protective clothing

Flak jackets and helmets temporarily exported for personal use. From Country exceptions to the policy of denial

Proviso

A clause in an appropriations act attaching conditions to the money, including the one making Foreign Military Financing nonrepayable. From How Foreign Military Financing is appropriated and notified

Prudent business management

The should-know standard for false supporting documents. From False claims, improper payments and patent claims

Pseudo line code

A generic code used in the case system to avoid naming a classified item. From When a sales case is classified

PSSM

Physical security and stockpile management, the munitions storage side of the program. From Humanitarian mine action and excess property transfers

Public building or public work

The subject of the construction, alteration or repair contracts in the United States to which subpart 25.2 applies. From Domestic construction materials in US projects

Public domain

Published information generally available to the public, outside ITAR control. From Licensing technical data and classified exports

Public findings

The agency findings behind an exception, open to public inspection. From Domestic construction materials in US projects

Public interest exception

An agency head determination, used where a foreign government agreement gives a blanket exception. From When Buy American does not apply to supplies

Public release

Agency approval for unlimited distribution of data in any form. From The technical data exemptions

Public work

Construction, alteration, removal or repair for public use, including service contract projects. From Workers compensation under the Defense Base Act

Purchase restriction

WTO GPA buys limited to United States-made or designated country products. From How trade agreements affect federal purchases

Purchaser-owned material

Equipment belonging to the buyer and held in Department storage, charged at a uniform annual rate. From Pricing storage, repair, facilities and publications

Purchaser-requested schedule

A payment schedule set by the purchaser, approved only if it covers projected needs. From Requested and revised payment schedules

Q

Qualification credential

A license or certification issued by an accrediting authority, which the Department never issues. From Diplomas, records and liaison officers

Qualified list

Countries whose denial policy has stated exceptions, in paragraph (d)(2). From The ITAR policy of denial

Qualified military counsel

A judge advocate the judge may appoint for an initial proceeding held abroad. From Criminal jurisdiction over contractors abroad

Qualified policy of denial

A denial policy with stated cases where licenses may still be issued. From Country exceptions to the policy of denial

Qualifying country

A country with a reciprocal defense procurement agreement with the United States. From What makes an end product domestic

Qualitative military edge determination

The State finding on Israel’s military edge needed for certain Middle East sales. From Changing a sale Congress has already seen

Quality of life items

Articles and services improving the living or working environment, capped and gated above 500 dollars. From Who a deployed team answers to

Quarterly training report

The report to Congress on training and exercises with foreign forces in the preceding 90 days. From Training and exercises with foreign forces

R

Radar absorbing material

Material controlled when specially designed for defense articles and meeting heat or bandwidth tests. From USML Category XIII: materials, armor and cryptography

Range

Maximum distance in stable flight, measured over the Earth’s surface on the range-maximizing trajectory. From USML Category IV: rockets, missiles and munitions

Range for aircraft

One-way distance on the most fuel-efficient profile, with zero wind and no fuel reserve. From USML Category VIII: aircraft

RAPS

Risk assessed payment schedule, opened by a deposit of maximum termination liability or half the case value. From Terms of sale and the dependable undertaking

Rate A

The default price for a partner buying training with its own funds. SAMM C10.14.1.1. From What a training place costs

The full cost tuition rate, charged where a country is not receiving grant training funds. From How training is priced on a case

Rate B

The price where a ratified reciprocal pricing agreement is in force. From What a training place costs

Rate C

The incremental rate, recovering only the added cost of foreign students on an existing course. From How training is priced on a case

Rate E

The grant appropriation price, the lowest of the five. From What a training place costs

The IMET rate, exempt from the administrative surcharge. From How an additional cost tuition rate is built

RCPAMS

The regional centers’ system of record for students, enrollments and events, reached by card authentication. From Where the data is held, and who can see it

Re-notification

A fresh notice to Congress, required where quantities or values increase. SAMM C15.3.7. From How a BPC case runs and closes on appropriated money

Reactive armor

Armor with explosives or other materials between plates to defeat a penetrator. From USML Category XIII: materials, armor and cryptography

Reason to know

The knowledge standard for indirect supply and facilitation. From The terrorism ban for companies and its waiver

Reception center

The point where arriving contractor personnel are processed into the area. From Working under the operational area clause

Recipient of assistance

Anyone attending a funded event other than instructors and administrative staff, self-funded or not. From Training on a humanitarian project

Reciprocal agreement

An agreement under which contract administration and cataloging are provided free by both sides. From Waivers, exclusions and pricing exceptions

Reciprocal exchange

A one-for-one swap of students each fiscal year that allows training at no charge. From The IMET statute, exchanges and participant records

Reciprocal healthcare agreement

A country agreement giving limited care in military facilities, which varies by country. From How a student’s healthcare is covered

Reciprocal pricing principles

The two rules that price transfers at what the supplier’s own forces would pay. From Paying for cross-servicing transactions

Reciprocal procurement agreement

An arrangement giving mutual access to each other's defense market. From What the office does for industry

Reclama

A challenge to a draft decision, allowed for three business days and only on new information. From How the administrative budget is built

Reconsideration

A review of an adverse decision, requested in writing within 30 days. From When a license is denied or revoked

Records disposition schedule

A Defense Department program’s schedule, which must comply with NARA guidelines. From The case file and how long it is kept

Recovery charge waiver

The document waiving a charge on major equipment, which must match the item code on the agreement. From The approvals a case has to carry

Redacted statement of work

A version released to the buyer with proprietary and non-releasable content removed, for information rather than comment. From What a buyer may say about the contract

Redirection

Sending procured but untransferred articles to a different eligible partner, after renotification. From Redirecting equipment to another partner

Reduced stipend

The weekly payment to enlisted students, with the rest of the allowance sent to the implementing agency. From The living allowance during training

Reduced to zero

The only way the line can be removed from view, since it cannot be deleted. From The small case management line

Reexport

A movement or release of a defense article from one foreign country to another. From What counts as an export under the ITAR

Referral

The required review of missile list license applications by the Secretary of Defense. From Missile licenses and sanctions on American persons

Regime point of contact

The implementing agency official who checks the list and seeks State approval. From Screening missile technology and large drones

Regional center

One of six named Defense Department institutions for the study of security issues in a specified region. From The regional centers for security studies

Regional Defense Fellowship Program

The program paying for foreign personnel’s education and training in irregular warfare and combating terrorism. From The Irregular Warfare Center and fellowship program

Registration

The annual filing on Form DS-2032 that is generally a precondition to any license or approval. From Registering as a manufacturer or exporter

Regular employee

A direct, permanent employee, or a closely controlled long term contractor. From Dual national and third-country national employees

Reimbursable basis

The default rule that participation is paid for, in arrears or in advance, unless waived. From The regional centers for security studies

Reimbursable billet

A position coded for reimbursement, whose pay is an additional cost. From How an additional cost tuition rate is built

Reimbursable financing

Financing through an appropriation with reimbursable authority, required where payment is deferred. From The Treasury accounts behind Foreign Military Sales

Reimbursable relief

Defense relief requested and paid for by another federal department. From Paying for foreign disaster relief

Reimbursable support

Support whose cost the government recovers, such as civilian treatment and mortuary transport. From Government support to deployed contractors

Reimbursement rate

The cost a sending country pays, never less than the cost for an American cadet or midshipman. From Foreign cadets at the service academies

Reimbursement waiver

A national security interest determination letting foreign or organizational participants attend without paying. From The regional centers for security studies

Reintegration

The three-phase process a recovered CAAF returnee enters. From Tracking and recovering deployed contractors

Related civilian personnel

Civilians, including other ministries’ officials, who may receive military training. From The IMET statute, exchanges and participant records

Release in principle

Approval for a country and platform, required before database support can be offered. From Electronic warfare and friend or foe systems

Release in specific

Approval to build the country version of the database once the case is implemented. From Electronic warfare and friend or foe systems

Removal and replacement

The contracting officer’s power to direct a contractor to replace personnel at its expense. From Discipline, force protection and arming in theater

Replacement cost

The amount, estimated at the start of the lease, collected if an article is destroyed or not returned. From Leasing defense articles

The standard price for items an agency supplies for economic assistance. From Allocating assistance funds to other agencies

Replacement-in-kind

Settling a transaction by returning supplies or services of the same kind rather than paying cash. From Paying for cross-servicing transactions

Replenishment

Restoring the letter to its original value within fifteen days of a drawdown. From Paying with a bank letter of credit

Report of Discrepancy (SF 364)

The form a purchaser uses to request any billing or supply adjustment. From The billing statement and delivery listing

Reportable incident

One of five events, from weapon discharges to non-lethal countermeasures, that must be reported. From Private security functions under the FAR and DFARS

An incident contractor employees must report to the appropriate commander under law of war policy. From What the contract can and cannot do abroad

Reported totals

Counts of personnel working, performing security, and killed or wounded. From Tracking and recovering deployed contractors

Representation allowance

An allowance for official representation like those of the Foreign Service. From Missions, details and coordination abroad

Representative list

An equipment or parts list that indicates rather than fixes what will be provided. From Writing a capacity building case

Repricing

The recalculation of an entire case when non-repayable funding falls below one hundred percent. SAMM C9.8.2.5. From What non-repayable funding changes on a case

Reprogramming notice

Fifteen days advance notice to four committees before funds are used outside the justified program. From Reporting to Congress on assistance programs

Reprogramming notification

Advance notice to four congressional committees before funds are obligated outside the amounts justified to Congress. From Cyberspace and digital connectivity assistance

Requesting Authority

The American organization that defines the requirement and submits the request. SAMM C15.2.1. From What Building Partner Capacity is and who the customer is

The organization that plans and monitors capacity building activities, usually a Combatant Command. From Who does what on a capacity building program

Required form

The mill product form and grade, or finished component, needed for the end item. From Specialty metals waivers and determinations

Rescission

The lifting of a determination after a presidential report and certification. From How the terrorism ban binds the government

The withdrawal of the requirement for cases accepted on or after 3 July 2012. From The small case management line

Residual funds

Underspend, which is either returned by amendment or repurposed within the same program. From Obligating money on a grant case

Residual value

The existing case value less the ASSV. From Supply complete, and reducing a case

The remaining worth of excess property, which must at least cover shipping costs. From Retained items, excess property and facilities abroad

Resolution timeline

The 120 days, or 90 days where offices are co-located, allowed to research and correct a problem disbursement. From Problem disbursements and unpaid bills on an active case

Resource management decision

The director’s decision document, draft then final, which sets the baseline. From How the administrative budget is built

Resource panel

The working group panel that includes the expanded IMET schools. From How the annual training working group works

Restated document

A replacement for an offer that had already been sent to the buyer before it changed. From How a Letter of Offer and Acceptance is drafted

Restricted source

A funding origin that can stop a sale, including the countries named at ITAR 126.1. From Paying with a bank letter of credit

Restricted USML

The minimum marking for unclassified items exported under a treaty. From How the defense trade treaties work

The handling level for unclassified treaty items in the partner country. From Marking and records for treaty exports

Retainable instructional materials

Course materials a student may ship home, within a weight allowance. From Diplomas, records and liaison officers

Retention

Keeping items bought for assistance for American government use instead. From Retained items, excess property and facilities abroad

Retention decision

A written decision not to remove foreign material, which is not an exception. From Construction material requests and noncompliance

Retention period

Ten years after case closure for the case file, under the manual. From Implementing a case and warning of delays

Retire

Move closed case records to document storage while keeping them, which the regulation allows in place of destruction. From The case file and how long it is kept

Retransfer

A change of end-user or end-use for an article already exported, which needs prior approval. From Reexports, retransfers and end use assurances

A change of end use or end user within the same foreign country. From What counts as an export under the ITAR

Retransfer consent

The permanent requirement for American consent before passing an article on. From Who may buy, and how eligibility works

Return

A partner sending fully serviceable non sensitive equipment back, where a funded requirement for it exists. From Diversions, returns and buy backs

Return processing center

Usually the deploying center, which screens records and recovers cards and equipment. From Credentials, reception and return of contractors

REUM

Routine end use monitoring, the default for all government to government transfers. SAMM C8.3.1. From Routine and enhanced end use monitoring

Revised payments scheduled

The row in a modification’s schedule showing new payment amounts. From Requested and revised payment schedules

Revisioning

A service providing updates to a package after transfer has been approved. From Technical data and what a purchaser can be given

Revocation

Withdrawal of a license or approval, possible without prior notice. From When a license is denied or revoked

Revolving fund

A fund replenished by its own collections and used again for the same purpose. From How the Special Defense Acquisition Fund works

Rights of inviolability

The protected status of an embassy or consulate that makes it acceptable storage without further measures. From Security duties in the embassy office

RIP

Release in principle, a policy decision that permits detailed discussion but not transfer. From Anti-tamper and system specific release requirements

RIS

Release in specific, approval of a defined quantity and nomenclature for a partner. From Anti-tamper and system specific release requirements

Risk assessed payment schedule

A term of sale for a partner that does not qualify for deferred payment terms. From Sharing cost, and paying under assessment

Rollback

Funding an approved project from the previous year, on a confirmed bona fide need of that earlier year. From Changing a humanitarian project

Rollover

Carrying an unexecuted project into a later year, for no more than two years and only if nothing has changed. From Changing a humanitarian project

ROM

Rough Order of Magnitude, a non-binding planning estimate. SAMM C5.4.1. From How an FMS case is built, from request to agreement

Rough order of magnitude, a non-binding planning estimate delivered within thirty days. SAMM C5.4.1. From The three kinds of answer to a letter of request

Rules on the use of force

The rules set by the combatant commander or chief of mission for armed personnel. From Working under the operational area clause

S

SAAM

Special assignment airlift mission, a dedicated flight billed by the hour. SAMM C7.6.2. From The Defense Transportation System and delivery documents

Safeguards agreement

An agreement placing nuclear items, fuel and facilities under IAEA safeguards. From Aid cutoffs for enrichment and reprocessing transfers

Safety Level

The reserve held back from administrative surcharge collections for future expenses. From Budget and obligational authority on a case

A reserve of eighteen months of operational funding, the account’s lower bound. From Managing the administrative surcharge account

Sale from stock

A sale of items from Defense Department inventories, not from procurement made for the purchaser. From How items sold from stock are priced

SAMM

Security Assistance Management Manual, DSCA 5105.38-M, published at samm.dsca.mil. From What Foreign Military Sales is and who takes part

Sanitization

Removing information that cannot be released from a publication or program before it goes to a foreign government. From Pricing storage, repair, facilities and publications

SANweb

The portal through which the training management system and the workforce database are reached. From Where the data is held, and who can see it

SAPBR

The annual review that sets the administrative funds running the program. SAMM C14.2.1. From How the administrative budget is built

SBA

Special billing arrangement, an alternative cycle for larger programs. From Payment schedules, billing and late payment

SBLC

The standby letter of credit, sized as the greater of three largest payments or half the remaining balance. From Terms of sale and the dependable undertaking

SBLC application

The complete package of bank names, amount, designation of authority and timeframe that DSCA reviews. From Setting up a standby letter of credit

Scarce goods

Items a command organization designates for coordinated local purchase. From Conduct, rights and accountability for deployed contractors

SCET team

The umbrella term for any team sent to a partner country to advise, train or support. SAMM C10.22.1. From The teams sent to a partner country

SCETWG

The annual working group at which team requests are formally submitted. From How a team is asked for and manned

The Security Cooperation Education and Training Working Group, where each CCMD reviews IMET programs. From Planning and funding the IMET year

The annual Combatant Command working group that reviews and approves country training plans. From How the annual training working group works

SCIP

Security Cooperation Information Portal, the database where monitoring checks are recorded. From Routine and enhanced end use monitoring

Security Cooperation Information Portal, which holds the certification repository and the inventory records. From Storage site certification and serial number inventories

The web portal giving partners, their agents and cleared government staff a standard view of case information. SAMM C13.3.5.1. From Where the data is held, and who can see it

SCIP token

The electronic credential through which a partner government reaches case data, administered by named host nation staff. From The embassy office and a new case

SCML

Small case management line, one input to the minimum administrative charge. From Suspension, cancellation and what each one stops

SCN

Student control number, the identifier a student keeps across programs and years. From Screening an international military student

SCO

Security Cooperation Organization, the in country office that is the industry point of contact. SAMM C2.1.8.1. From How a US company supplies a Foreign Military Sale

Security cooperation organization, the American office in the partner country. From Case reviews and how often they happen

Security Cooperation Organization, the defense office at an American embassy that performs monitoring in country. From What end use monitoring is and where it comes from

Security cooperation organization, the defense office at the embassy that programs and screens students. From The authorities behind international military training

The office in a partner country carrying out security cooperation and assistance management. SAMM C2.1.1.1. From The security cooperation organization

SCO assessment

The embassy office’s twenty-element analysis before a request for a category I drone. From Screening missile technology and large drones

Scope

The purpose a case was written to serve, and the test that selects the right instrument. SAMM C6.7.1.1. From Amendments and modifications

Screening assessment

The medical and dental check required within 12 months before arrival for deployment. From Medical and dental fitness for deploying contractors

SDO/DATT

The senior defense official, defense attaché and head of that office in one person. From The security cooperation organization

SDR

Supply discrepancy report, raised on Standard Form 364. SAMM C6.4.10. From Supply discrepancy reports and the deadlines on them

Section 123.17 exemption

License-free temporary export of one set of body armor or chemical protective gear for personal use. From USML Category X: personal protective equipment

Section 126.3 exception

A discretionary exception by the Deputy Assistant Secretary for hardship or government interest. From The government and official use exemption

Section 21

The Arms Export Control Act authority for sales from stock, at 22 U.S.C. 2761. From What excess defense articles are and who can get them

Section 21(g) agreement

A cooperative training agreement that may exclude indirect costs, the surcharge and billeting. From Pricing dedicated programs and training teams

Section 25 report

The annual estimate transmitted to Congress by 1 February. SAMM C9.7.2.10.2.1.1. From What Foreign Military Financing is and who runs it, How Foreign Military Financing is appropriated and notified

Section 30 sale

A sale of defense articles or services to an American company for incorporation into end items sold commercially abroad. From Section 30 sales and construction services

Section 333

The standing authority at 10 U.S.C. 333 to build the capacity of foreign security forces. From Section 333, the authority to build partner capacity

Section 36(b)

The congressional review provision of the Arms Export Control Act, codified at 22 U.S.C. 2776(b). From Congressional notification of arms sales under 36(b)

Section 36(b)(1) notice

The congressional notification required when a sale reaches a threshold. From Changing a sale Congress has already seen

Section 36(b)(5)(A) report

The notice for an upgrade to a notified sale below the thresholds. From Changing a sale Congress has already seen

Section 36(b)(5)(C) notice

The notice for an upgrade at or above the thresholds, with a review period. From Changing a sale Congress has already seen

Section 36(c) certification

The notice to Congress required before a commercial license above the set contract values is granted. From Congressional certification and general exemptions

Section 36(d) certification

The notice to Congress required before approving certain manufacturing and assistance agreements. From Filing and ending a defense services agreement

Section 505 agreement

The agreement a partner signs to receive assistance under the Foreign Assistance Act. From Who does what on a capacity building program

Section 506(a)(1)

The emergency drawdown authority, capped at $100 million a year. From Drawdowns and peacekeeping assistance

Section 506(a)(2)

The drawdown authority for other assistance programs, capped at $200 million a year. From Drawdowns and peacekeeping assistance

Section 511 considerations

The three risks every military assistance decision must take into account. From The military assistance program in the statute

Section 515 personnel

Military members assigned abroad to manage assistance and sales programs, normally no more than six. From Stockpiles, overseas staff and major non-NATO allies

Section 516

The Foreign Assistance Act authority for grant transfers, at 22 U.S.C. 2321j. From What excess defense articles are and who can get them

Section 516(g)

The $500,000,000 annual ceiling on grant transfers. 22 U.S.C. 2321j(g). From The conditions on an excess defense articles transfer

Section 610 transfer

Movement of up to 10 percent of one provision’s funds to another, raising it by no more than 20 percent. From Delegation, debarment and waiver powers

Section 614 waiver

The President’s authority to furnish assistance or make sales without regard to listed laws, within annual caps. From Delegation, debarment and waiver powers

Section 620(q)

A sanction after six months of loan default that does not affect Foreign Military Financing. From Unauthorized absence, cancellation and sanctions

Section 621 debarment

A bar of up to three years on receiving Act funds for bribery, fraud or lack of integrity. From Delegation, debarment and waiver powers

Section 633A request

A written request for documents from the GAO or a committee, which halts funds if unanswered in 35 days. From Reporting to Congress on assistance programs

Section 655 report

The annual report due 1 February on military assistance and exports by country and route. From Reporting to Congress on assistance programs

Section 660

The Foreign Assistance Act provision that bars funding police training. From What may not be purchased, and the exceptions

The Foreign Assistance Act provision restricting the training of police and law enforcement forces. From Who may be trained, and what the program will not fund

Section 8050 notice

The 15-day advance notice to Congress of certain transfers for peacekeeping or humanitarian operations. From Managing and reporting humanitarian programs

Securing compensation

The contract duty to arrange benefit payment before performance and keep it in force. From Workers compensation under the Defense Base Act

Security assistance

The Title 22 programs supervised by the state department, part of them run by defense. From Security cooperation and security assistance

Security assistance account

The account reported directly to the treasury department and audited annually since 2022. From Auditing the security assistance accounts

Security Assistance Accounts

The accounts whose financial statements DSCA submits to the Treasury. From Financial reviews and the financial statements

Security assistance coordinator

The Senate-confirmed officer appointed to coordinate security assistance programs. From Staffing assistance programs

Security assistance survey

A study in a foreign country by government personnel to assess its security assistance needs. From Procurement, surveys and administrative expenses

Security cooperation

All defense department activity with foreign security establishments. SAMM C1.1.1. From Security cooperation and security assistance

For this exemption, Defense programs with a foreign security establishment for capability, access or relationships. From The government and official use exemption

Security cooperation office

The embassy office asked each February what its partner is likely to buy. From The forecast, and the Javits report to Congress

Security cooperation programs and activities

Any program, activity or interaction with a foreign security establishment for one of three statutory purposes. From How Defense Department security cooperation is managed

Security cooperation workforce

The six statutory groups of service members and civilians who plan, run or evaluate security cooperation. From The security cooperation workforce

Security Council committee

The United Nations sanctions body that must be notified or approve in some cases. From Country exceptions to the policy of denial

Security force assistance

Capacity work done as part of a crisis response or contingency operation. From Security cooperation and security assistance

Security risk category

The classification that sets the standard a site is certified against, and the basis for reciprocity between agencies. From Storage site certification and serial number inventories

Segregation

Keeping releasable and non-releasable material physically apart, which relaxes the 24 hour control requirement for the releasable part. From Security duties in the embassy office

Self-defense arming

Written authorization to carry weapons only for self-defense, with legal review of contractor applications. From Discipline, force protection and arming in theater

Self-validation

The exporter’s own validation of a technical data license when exporting. From Filing export information for ITAR shipments

Sensitivity of technology annex

The published description of sensitive technology in a sale and how it is protected. From Preparing a 36(b) notification package

SEOS program

The Surface Exchange of Services program of the Movement Coordination Centre Europe. From Exchanging support and medical care with allies

Sequestration

DSCA reserving trust fund money for TL when a bill for an increase goes unpaid. From Drawing on and ending a standby letter of credit

Service Academy

The Military Academy, the Naval Academy or the Air Force Academy. From Foreign cadets at the service academies

Seven and twenty five million

The two thresholds deciding what the report has to include. From The forecast, and the Javits report to Congress

Severable service

Work delivering continuing value that can be cut at any point, generally funded within one year of availability. From Services and training on a grant case

Severable training

Government-provided training that must end within the fiscal year of its funds. From How tuition rates are set

SF 1080

The voucher for transfers between appropriations or funds, used to bill actual CAS costs. From How contract administration costs are billed

SF 1081

A voucher that may be used to move earlier payments from the surcharge account to a case. From Paying for work before a case exists

Shared-cost construction

Building paid for partly by the partner, often needing a binding agreement. From Humanitarian construction and partner terms

Shipment Control Number (SCN)

The record for one distinct shipment, used to track it and store its transfer documents. From Shipping capacity building equipment

Shipment report

The report due to DDTC within 15 days of each satellite regime shipment. From Suspensions, satellite parts and underwater vehicles

Short-duration waiver

A partial waiver of procedures for support of 17 days or less. From Deployment processing for contractor personnel

Side-by-side testing

Testing foreign and domestic items against requirements, which can count as competitive procedures. From Cooperative research and development agreements

Signature target

A target whose infrared, radar or other signature mimics a specific article or person. From USML Category IX: training equipment and training

Significant adverse effect

The readiness threshold that triggers a Presidential report to Congress about a sale. From Diversions, returns and buy backs

Significant component

A component valued at more than 50 percent of all components. From When Buy American does not apply to supplies

Significant deviation

The only basis on which a buyer may comment, within 30 days, on what the contract says. From What a buyer may say about the contract

Significant Military Equipment

Items in a list paragraph marked with an asterisk, and technical data for producing them. From Specially designed and the terms that scope the list

Asterisked and classified Munitions List articles needing special controls. From ITAR definitions that set the level of control

Significant Military Equipment (SME)

Articles in paragraphs marked with an asterisk, and all classified articles on the list. From USML Category I: firearms

Items in paragraphs marked with an asterisk, subject to special export controls. From USML Category II: guns and armament

Simplified acquisition threshold

The contract value above which FAR part 6 applies. From When a buyer names the supplier

Single point of contact

The only office, with the agency, that can accept liability or commit to a remedy. From Supply discrepancy reports and the deadlines on them

Single selling price

The one price for an article or service that includes all applicable charges. From Pricing duties and above-the-line costs

SIOH

Supervision, inspection and overhead, priced at 8 to 15 percent of a construction contract. From How a humanitarian assistance project is approved

Site certification

The inspection and certificate required before designated equipment may be moved. From Getting the equipment to the participants

Six listed items

Aircraft, missile or space systems, ships, tank or automotive items, weapon systems and ammunition. From What counts as a specialty metal

Six months and one year

The deadlines for passing equipment on, shorter for night vision and anything needing a transport plan. From Getting the equipment to the participants

Sixty day notice

Advance notice by registered mail of any intended transfer of ownership or control to a foreign person. From Registering as a manufacturer or exporter

Small case management line

A minimum charge line included on cases accepted from August 2006, with its use suspended from July 2012. From How the administrative surcharge is applied

The line that topped the administrative surcharge up to fifteen thousand dollars. From The small case management line

Small-scale construction

An authorized element, capped at $2M, with added notification above $750,000. From Section 333, the authority to build partner capacity

Construction costing no more than $2,000,000 for any project. From Training and exercises with foreign forces

SME

Significant military equipment, for which serial numbers must be supplied with a transfer request. From Third party transfer and retransfer consent

Significant military equipment, which changes how a survey message is coordinated and released. From What excess defense articles are and who can get them

Socium

The defense wide system of record for program design, planning, budgeting, monitoring, evaluation and reporting. From Where the data is held, and who can see it

Sole source

Purchase without full and open competition, available only on contractor lines. From The approvals a case has to carry

The common name for procurement using other than full and open competition. From When a buyer names the supplier

Sole source waiver

A waiver for essential products that no alternative reliable supplier can provide. From Missile licenses and sanctions on American persons

Source selection

The choice of contractor, which the buyer may not direct, though it may request a named source under the sole source rules. From What a buyer may say about the contract

Space available

Movement on unused capacity, one of the four conditions of the transport exception. From Who pays for an excess defense articles transfer

Space-available program

Shipping donated cargo in spare room on Defense transport, also called the Denton program. From Shipping donated humanitarian cargo

Space-qualified

Designed, made or tested successfully for operation above 100 km. From USML Category XV: spacecraft

Special bill letter

DSCA’s bill under the arrangement, which supersedes the DD Form 645. From Special billing arrangements

Special billing arrangement

An agreement letting DSCA bill a partner on projected cash needs instead of the quarterly statement. From Special billing arrangements

Special costs

Development or production costs incurred for one purchaser’s own benefit. From How the nonrecurring cost charge is calculated

Special Defense Acquisition Fund

A revolving fund used to buy articles in anticipation of sale, capped at $3.5 billion. From The Treasury accounts behind Foreign Military Sales

Special mission

A mission or staff kept abroad to carry out the Act, directed by a chief. From Missions, details and coordination abroad

Special operations forces

For the special operations training authority, forces that include civil affairs and military information support operations forces. From Training and exercises with foreign forces

Specially designed

The two-part test, inclusion then release, that decides the reach of a catch-all paragraph. From Specially designed and the terms that scope the list

The test that decides whether a part or accessory is caught by a USML paragraph. From USML Category I: firearms

Specialty metal

Certain high-alloy steels, nickel and cobalt alloys, titanium and zirconium. From What counts as a specialty metal

Specific power

Maximum takeoff shaft horsepower divided by compressor inlet flow. From USML Category XIX: gas turbine engines

Sponsor

The person affiliated with the Department or another federal agency who verifies and authorizes an applicant’s need for the card. From Credentials, reception and return of contractors

SPOT

The Defense tracking system where security contractors register weapons and vehicles. From Private security functions under the FAR and DFARS

SPOT-ES

The joint database for contractor personnel visibility and accountability. From Tracking and recovering deployed contractors

SRC

Security risk category, the four tier classification applied to arms, ammunition and explosives. SAMM C7.15. From Transportation plans for classified and explosive cargo

Security risk category, which decides whether a return must go through a government port. From When a shipment is lost, damaged or sent back

SSC

Supply or services complete, the status a case must reach before it can be a closure candidate. SAMM C16.1.5. From How a case is reconciled and closed

Stabilized rate

The approved working capital fund rate in effect when an order is accepted. From How personnel services are priced

Staff judge advocate review

The legal review of each arming request before the commander decides. From Arming and accounting for private security personnel

The legal check on every application to arm contractor personnel. From Discipline, force protection and arming in theater

Standard schedule

The government’s own schedule, kept in the case file when a purchaser schedule is used. From Requested and revised payment schedules

Standard terms

Part of every offer whether attached or not, frozen at the date of signature. From Inside the letter of offer and acceptance

Standard weekly rate

The base operating support charge added to additional cost tuition rates. From How an additional cost tuition rate is built

Standardization, rationalization and interoperability

The objective a waiver or partner contract must significantly further. From Cooperative projects under the Arms Export Control Act

Standards and criteria

Set by the state department, with defense or treasury concurrence depending on the policy at stake. From Foreign military sales credit and who may receive it

Standby letter of credit (SBLC)

A bank’s independent undertaking to DSCA, used in place of termination liability prepayments. From The standby letter of credit for termination liability

Standing bar

A permanent condition in the Act that blocks assistance in stated circumstances. From Standing bars, caps and winding up

Star tracker

A navigational tool in a national security satellite over 400 pounds. From Items tied to the national industrial base

Start-up costs

Costs of establishing a dedicated program, all paid by the purchaser. From Pricing dedicated programs and training teams

State description

A separate summary written for the state department, listing major equipment, quantities and the end item supported. From How a Letter of Offer and Acceptance is drafted

State Partnership

A program of activities between a state or territory’s National Guard and a foreign partner. From State partnerships and centers of excellence

Statement of registration

A registrant’s filing, which can list affiliates as brokers without a separate registration. From What counts as brokering

Status of forces agreement

An agreement governing the legal status of American personnel in a partner country. From Preparing an offer

Status-of-Allotment report

The monthly report of administrative authority, obligations and disbursements by fiscal year. From Accounting for administrative funds

The monthly report of commitments, obligations and expenditures by case and line. From How a case is accounted for

Statutory bar

A legal ground on which credit is suspended or terminated, listed at SAMM C9.7.2.7.2. From Foreign military sales credit and who may receive it

Statutory debarment

A three year bar following a criminal conviction under the Act, published in the Federal Register. From Penalties, debarment and the presumption of denial

Statutory officer

An officer appointed by the President with the Senate’s advice and consent. From Staffing assistance programs

Stimulator

A built-in or add-on device that makes actual equipment act as a trainer. From USML Category IX: training equipment and training

Storage fee

An annual 1.5 percent charge on stored Part A assets that are not working capital fund items. From How a supply support arrangement is priced

Storage site certification

An agency assessment confirming a partner facility meets the physical security standard for the article. SAMM C8.4.8. From Storage site certification and serial number inventories

Strategic Investment Board

The senior board that approves investments on strategy, mission and policy grounds. SAMM C13.2.4.1. From How security cooperation systems get funded

Strict neutrality

The rule between American competitors, which does not apply between countries. SAMM C2.1.8.1. From What the office does for industry

Structural component of a tent

Parts giving a tent form and stability, not heating, cooling or lighting. From Berry Amendment food, clothing and textiles

Studies and analysis case

A case sold to fund the definition work where a requirement is too complex to price. From Planning and advice before a request

Subsidy cost

The budget cost of a guaranty under the Federal Credit Reform Act, paid from the program account. SAMM C9.7.2.9.1. From Grant financing, loans and guaranties

Substantial transformation

Change into a new article of commerce with a distinct name, character or use. From Solar devices in Defense energy and housing contracts

Substantive contacts

Ties to listed countries that screening must look for, some of which create a presumed risk of diversion. From Dual national and third-country national employees

Sunk cost

A cost the government bears anyway, such as active duty base pay, normally not charged at additional cost. From How an additional cost tuition rate is built

Supergrade

Pay above grade 15 of the General Schedule, capped at the top of grade 18. From Staffing assistance programs

Superposed or stacked projectiles

The projectile arrangement that brings ammunition for guns and fully automatic firearms into paragraph (a)(7). From USML Category III: ammunition and ordnance

Supplemental report

The explanation of why publishing a specific item would harm security. From Findings, notices and public assistance data

Supply and services complete

The stage after which a case moves toward reconciliation and closure. From What a modification may change

Supply and services complete (SSC)

The status of a case or line once delivery, services, warranties and storage are all finished. From Supply complete, and reducing a case

Support or Procurement Partnership Agreement

An agreement for common acquisition and logistics support through NATO’s support agency. From NATO support programs and foreign project contributions

Survey message

The message by which availability is advised and partner requirements gathered. SAMM EDA.2.3. From What excess defense articles are and who can get them

Survey team

A partner-funded team assessing capability and recommending solutions. From What the office does for industry

Suspension

A halt on execution directed by the state department, leaving the case in existence. SAMM C6.6.1. From Suspension, cancellation and what each one stops

A temporary stop on a license, approval or exemption. From When a license is denied or revoked

Synthetic aperture radar

Imaging radar, controlled here at image resolution better than 0.3 m. From USML Category XI: sonar, radar and electronic warfare

System specific simulator

A simulator replicating a crew station, mission system or weapon of a listed end item. From USML Category IX: training equipment and training

T

T-MASL

The training articles and services list, which carries course identifiers and prerequisites. From Who may be trained, and what the program will not fund

The training articles and services list, which carries course prerequisites and notes. From What a training place costs

The master list of formal training available to international students. From How the foreign military training report is built

TAA

Technical assistance agreement, not required for basic operation and maintenance training. 22 CFR 124.2. From Technical data and what a purchaser can be given

Table C10.T10

The list of schools at which dependents may accompany a student. From Living allowance, healthcare and dependents

Table C4.T3

The published and expressly incomplete list of reasons eligibility can be lost. From Who may buy, and how eligibility works

Table C9.T10

The list of purchases partners are discouraged from making with Foreign Military Financing. From Where Foreign Military Financing may be spent

Table C9.T8

The conditions that must be demonstrable before an offshore procurement waiver is granted. From Where Foreign Military Financing may be spent

TAFT and TAT

Field teams providing technical and maintenance support, one posted and one on temporary duty. From The teams sent to a partner country

Tax exoneration

The rule that funded activities are carried out free of partner taxes and fees. From Humanitarian construction and partner terms

TCN

Transportation control number, one of the required data elements on a shipping label. From The Defense Transportation System and delivery documents

Transportation control number, one of eight required markings on every shipment. From Packaging, marking and insurance

TDP

Technical data package, released for operations and maintenance or for study and production. From Technical data and what a purchaser can be given

TDR

Transportation discrepancy report, DD Form 361, filed by the embassy defense office. SAMM C7.21. From The Defense Transportation System and delivery documents

Transportation discrepancy report, filed by the American office in country, never by the buyer. SAMM C7.21. From When a shipment is lost, damaged or sent back

Team permissions

The access level that lets an SCO submit prioritized project nominations to the command. From Managing and reporting humanitarian programs

Technical assistance agreement

An approved agreement for furnishing defense services, required for training foreign forces. From What a defense services agreement is

Technical data

Information required to design, produce, operate, repair or modify a defense article. 22 CFR 120.33. From Technical data and what a purchaser can be given

Technical data exemption

A provision allowing data exports without DDTC approval. From The technical data exemptions

Technical Support Working Group

The State Department forum under which joint counterterrorism technology projects with allies are conducted. From Antiterrorism assistance for foreign law enforcement

Technology control plan

A plan that helps processing where foreign nationals work at cleared facilities. From What a license application must show

Technology transfer control plan

A Defense Department approved plan required for certain satellite and launch exports. From Offshore procurement, warehousing and space systems

TEMPEST

Standards for suppressing compromising emanations of information bearing signals. From USML Category XI: communications, sensors and components

Temporary assignment

Travel abroad by an employee who carries controlled data for the employer. From The technical data exemptions

Temporary modification

A time-limited change to the regulations ordered under section 126.2. From Suspensions, satellite parts and underwater vehicles

Term of sale

The field on a Letter of Offer and Acceptance recording how the case is funded. From What Foreign Military Financing is and who runs it

The field on a Letter of Offer and Acceptance recording how the case is financed. SAMM Table C9.T11. From What non-repayable funding changes on a case

Termination

Ending a contract behind the case, with costs charged to the partner. From Suspension, cancellation and what each one stops

Termination liability

The cancellation exposure that sets the deposit under the lighter of the two schedules. From Sharing cost, and paying under assessment

The damages and costs a purchaser owes if it cancels the contract. From Pricing a new procurement for a sale

Damages and costs from canceling a procurement, which the purchaser must cover. From How prices are estimated on an offer

Termination liability (TL)

The amount held against the cost of terminating contracts on a case. From The standby letter of credit for termination liability

Termination liability (TL) reserve

Prepayments fenced each quarter for potential termination costs, not an extra charge. From How the cash advance on a case is calculated

Termination liability worksheet

The DSAMS record of termination liability in each quarterly payment. From How a payment schedule is built

Terms and Conditions Agreement

The agreement between DSCA and the purchaser, signed in two originals at formal acceptance. From Setting up a standby letter of credit

Terms of reference

The agreement itself, which remains the reference for what the team is there to do. From Who a deployed team answers to

Terrorism-support determination

A Secretary of State finding that bars most assistance to a government that has repeatedly supported international terrorism. From Antiterrorism assistance for foreign law enforcement

Test facility

A range or other facility where defense equipment can be tested under a reciprocal agreement. From Airlift, refueling, test ranges and overseas repair

Theater business clearance

The combatant commander’s visibility and control over systems support and external support contracts delivering support in designated areas. From What operational contract support means

Theater Campaign Plan (TCP)

The combatant commander’s plan that integrates security cooperation with other theater activities. From How a security cooperation organization plans

Theater clearance

Permission from the combatant commander to enter the area of operations. From When the operational area clause applies

Theater security cooperation

The purpose for which travel, subsistence and special compensation of foreign personnel may be paid. From Personnel exchanges and liaison officers

Theater support contract

A contract awarded by contracting officers deployed to the operational area. From What operational contract support means

Theoretical specific impulse

The propellant performance measure, calculated at set chamber conditions on shifting equilibrium. From USML Category V: explosives and energetic materials

Third party training

Training resulting from American appropriated funds, reported with both the providing and the receiving country. From How the foreign military training report is built

Third party transfer

Any transfer of title or possession of United States provided articles to anyone outside the recipient government. SAMM C8.7.1. From Third party transfer and retransfer consent

Thirty day notice

The information a company should send before an initial country visit. From What the office does for industry

Three tier governance

Director level, a board at GS-14 and 15 level, and ad hoc working groups. SAMM C14.6.2.1. From Auditing the security assistance accounts

Three-day update

The deadline to record a redeployed employee’s change in status in SPOT-ES. From Credentials, reception and return of contractors

Thrust augmentation

An afterburner, one of the five features that bring a large turbofan or turbojet into paragraph (a). From USML Category XIX: gas turbine engines

Tie rule

Preference for the offer without foreign material excepted at the offeror’s request on unreasonable cost grounds. From Construction material requests and noncompliance

Tiered Review

The informal pre-notification consultation with Congress. SAMM C5.7.6.3. From Congressional notification of arms sales under 36(b)

Title 10

Defense money, obligated when a contract is let, typically available one to two years. From Where the money comes from, and when it runs out

Title 22

State money, obligated when the interagency agreement is signed. From Where the money comes from, and when it runs out

Title and possession

What an agent may never take, and what a lead nation must pass on within the deadline. From Getting the equipment to the participants

TL

Termination liability, the cost the government would carry if the case ended early. SAMM C9.9.1.5.3. From Payment schedules, billing and late payment

TLA

Travel and living allowance, covering transport, lodging, meals and incidentals. SAMM C10.13.1. From Living allowance, healthcare and dependents

To Be Kept Open list

The list of SSC cases held open, at the purchaser’s written request, to use residual value. From Supply complete, and reducing a case

Tonals

Discrete frequencies in the broadband and narrowband spectra coming from man-made objects. From USML Category XI: sonar, radar and electronic warfare

Total Force

Military, civilian, contracted and host nation personnel the Department relies on. From How private security contractors are governed

Military, civilian, contractor and host-nation support personnel behind the National Security Strategy. From What operational contract support means

Total package approach

The rule that an offer covers the capability rather than the machine alone. From What may be purchased, and on what terms

Delivering a system with its supporting items and services, coordinated by a lead agency. From Preparing an offer

Planning follow-on support and sustainment alongside the articles and services. From From gap analysis to sole source on a capacity case

Total training man weeks

Course weeks times students enrolled, summed across a training activity. From How a full cost tuition rate is built

Touched line

An implemented line affected by the amendment, repriced in full. From Line level review of a case

Tracer

The search action the buyer must start when a dispatched shipment does not arrive. From When a shipment is lost, damaged or sent back

Training line

The separate case line required on every case involving training. From What a training place costs

Training Military Articles and Services List

Where the annual tuition rates are published. From How tuition rates are set

Training priority code

The ranking that decides which requests survive when the allocation lands smaller than the plan. From Planning training from the embassy

Training status

The period at the training location during which the living allowance accrues. From The living allowance during training

Training team

A team training away from the normal institution, priced as a service. From Pricing dedicated programs and training teams

Tranche notification

Notifying Congress of program funds in groups during the year rather than annually. From Obligating money on a grant case

Transaction Register

The five-part report of processed, rejected, corrected and deleted delivery transactions. From How supporting activities are reimbursed

Transfer

A movement of a treaty item within the partner community, or between the two communities. From Moving items within a treaty community

A sale, lease, loan or other temporary provision of support under a cross-servicing agreement. From What an acquisition and cross-servicing agreement is

Transfer and receipt document

The record, signed by the partner, of when, where and to whom materiel was delivered. From Who does what on a capacity building program

The signed record of title transfer, with an inventory list attached. From Handing over capacity building equipment

Transit country

A friendly country the Secretary of State determines is frequently crossed by such cargo, given priority. From Nonproliferation and export control assistance

Transit interdiction

The quarter of funds reserved for helping countries detect and stop proliferation-related cargo. From Nonproliferation and export control assistance

Transition

A DDTC-approved move of a licensed export onto treaty treatment. From Moving items within a treaty community

Transmission channels

The partner defense department’s own means of moving items, including contracted carriers. From Moving items within a treaty community

Transmit/receive module

An assembly giving two-way amplitude and phase control of signals, controlled at stated thresholds. From USML Category XI: communications, sensors and components

Transmittal agent

An agency carrying goods for a private firm, a case the exemption excludes. From The government and official use exemption

Transmittal document

The core notice delivered to Congress, which must identify and quantify major defense equipment. From Preparing a 36(b) notification package

Transmittal letter

The explanatory letter that must accompany an application to approve an agreement. From What a defense services agreement is

Transmittal number

The fiscal year and sequence number DSCA gives each notification. From Changing a sale Congress has already seen

Transparent

Transmitting 75% or more of visible light through a 1 mm sample. From USML Category XIII: materials, armor and cryptography

Transport exemption

The exemption from registration for firms whose activity goes no further than financing, insuring, transporting or forwarding. From What counts as brokering

Transportation account code

The code DSCA funds so USTRANSCOM can charge relief transport directly. From Paying for foreign disaster relief

A funded code used to pay for space on Defense airlift. From Buying and shipping humanitarian project equipment

Transportation bill code

The code used to bill transport when the actual method differs from the delivery term code. From How supporting activities are reimbursed

Transportation Cost Clearing Account

The account that holds delivery term code transportation collections. From The contract administration and transportation accounts

Transportation Delivery Forecast

The schedule of endorsed delivery requests, reviewed bi-weekly. From Shipping capacity building equipment

Transportation Discrepancy Report

The report of materiel confirmed missing or damaged in transit. From Handing over capacity building equipment

Transportation Plan

The document required for classified, sensitive or explosive cargo crossing a border. SAMM C7.13.1. From Transportation plans for classified and explosive cargo

Transportation surcharge account

The account from which actual transportation bills are paid. From How transportation costs are billed

Travel status allowance

The living allowance paid on travel days under Joint Travel Regulation rules. From IMET student travel and allowances

Treaty marking

The classification and release line every treaty item must carry before it moves. From Marking and records for treaty exports

Trial balance

A summary of balances in all general ledger accounts, submitted monthly. From Auditing the security assistance accounts

Trust fund

The account holding purchaser money between payment and disbursement to suppliers. From The trust fund, and getting money back out of it

Trusted donor

A donor with three compliant funded shipments, allowed three open applications. From Shipping donated humanitarian cargo

TSFD

Technology security and foreign disclosure, the interagency release determination process. SAMM C3.1.2. From Technology transfer and how a release decision is made

Tungsten heavy alloy

At least 90 percent tungsten in a metal matrix, density at least 16.5 g/cm3, or a listed specification. From Magnets, tantalum and tungsten from covered countries

Two year certification

The undertaking required after authorized military police training. From What may not be purchased, and the exceptions

Two year lead

The gap between preparing a grant budget and executing it. From The case manager and the budget cycle

Two year plan

The quarterly visit schedule published each fiscal year by command and partner country. From Planning a compliance visit, and reporting a violation

U

U.S. Munitions Import List

The Justice Department list for permanent import control, at 27 CFR part 447. From Who decides what is a defense article

ULO

Unliquidated obligation, money committed but not yet paid out. From How a case is reconciled and closed

Umbrella project

Two or more interdependent efforts for one partner, grouped for a single approval. SAMM C12.3.2.3. From How a humanitarian assistance project is approved

A multi-country training event held in one partner, with a subproject and separate coordination for each participant. From Training on a humanitarian project

UMMIPS

The priority system under which requisitions are sequenced and time standards applied. From Priority of supply and force activity designators

Unanimity rule

Waivers and deferred payment terms apply only if every country on the case qualifies. From Buying through an agent

Unattended ground sensor

A sensor system with automatic detection and tracking, self-healing networks and self-localization. From USML Category XI: communications, sensors and components

Unauthorized absence

The status of a student verified as absent without authorization, also called absent without leave. From Unauthorized absence, cancellation and sanctions

Unauthorized baggage

Baggage above the allowance, shipped at the student’s or government’s expense. From The living allowance during training

Uncertain environment

A setting where host government forces lack totally effective control of territory and population. From Who counts as deployed contractor personnel

Uncommitted acceptance

The part of an accepted order that cannot be executed within the fiscal year. From The Treasury accounts behind Foreign Military Sales

Uncommitted funds

Grant money sitting in a trust account without a commitment, which must be explained. From How a security cooperation organization plans

Unconstrained submission

A budget request listing all partner requirements, regardless of past allocations. From How a security cooperation organization plans

UND

Urgency of need designator, assigned on the individual requisition rather than to the country. From Priority of supply and force activity designators

Undercollected case

A case on which the purchaser has not paid what is due, followed up by DFAS on set dates. From Problem disbursements and unpaid bills on an active case

Unearned revenue

How surcharge collections are recorded until disbursements are made from the surcharge account. From How the trust fund keeps its books

Unfunded civilian retirement factor

A published factor for retirement and post-retirement benefit costs. From How personnel services are priced

A cost factor applied to full rates but not to incremental ones or capacity building cases. From How training is priced on a case

Unfunded civilian retirement rate

The published rate added to civilian salary costs, not computed on overtime. From How contract administration costs are billed

Unfunded requirement

A requirement above the annual funding plan, raised at the mid year review. From How the administrative budget is built

A command’s request for extra funds, due by June 15. From How OHDACA money is obligated and returned

Uniform case folder

The eighteen-section structure listing the documents of primary relevance across the Department. From The case file and how long it is kept

Unit exchange

A reciprocal exchange of training and related support between established military units. From Waivers, exclusions and pricing exceptions

United States Munitions List

The articles and services the Secretary of State designates for export and temporary import control. From Who decides what is a defense article

United States Standard General Ledger

The chart of accounts in which all trust fund accounting data is recorded. From How the trust fund keeps its books

Unliquidated obligation

An obligation recorded but not yet paid, reviewed every month by fund holders. From Accounting for administrative funds

An obligation not yet paid, estimated and billed when an ACCP case is interim closed. From The accounting steps in closing a case

Unliquidated obligation (ULO)

The difference between obligations and disbursements for articles and services on a case. From Closure priorities, certification and reporting

Unmodified

A pre-1950 vessel changed only for legal safety, cosmetic reasons or with pre-1950 parts. From USML Categories VI and XX: naval vessels

Unshipped balance

The quantity and value left on an expired license, the only scope a new application may carry. From What a license application must show

Untouched line

An implemented line outside the amendment, where an error is logged rather than returned. From Line level review of a case

Unusual inventory loss

A loss from enemy action, major disaster or natural casualty, shared in proportion to stock value. From How a supply support arrangement is priced

Unwinding rules

The duties to suspend deliveries, end leases and withdraw consents and licenses. From How the terrorism ban binds the government

Upper control

The account’s ceiling, five times the annual administrative operating ceiling. From Managing the administrative surcharge account

Upward adjustment

A later increase to an obligation properly chargeable to the original account. From After funds are obligated on a capacity case

USD(P)

The policy office through which secretarial authority passes to the agency. From Who holds which authority

USML

United States Munitions List, the list of articles and services controlled for export. From Export licenses and customs clearance on a shipment

V

Value tolerance

The ten percent over the licensed dollar value that customs may allow. From What a license application must show

VCA

Virtual compliance assessment, the remote form of a CAV. SAMM C8.5.4. From Golden Sentry visits, ratings and hostile environments

Vendor

A supplier to an applicant of end-items, major components, or $500,000 or more in articles or services. From Reporting fees, commissions and political contributions

Vital interests certification

The finding that switches off sanctions for the design information triggers. From Sanctions for nuclear explosive device transfers

Voluntary disclosure

A report of a possible violation made before any agency opens an inquiry into the same facts. From The voluntary disclosure policy

Voyage repairs

Repairs excluded from the foreign shipyard restriction on homeported vessels. From Bearings, steel plate, forgings and shipyards

W

W7 and 7B

The customer codes identifying which body is acting as agent. From Buying through an agent

Waived surcharge

A surcharge relieved by statute, normally reimbursed by the implementing agency. From How the administrative surcharge is applied

Waiver report

The report sent at least 15 days before a waived transaction. From The terrorism ban for companies and its waiver

War reserve stocks

Defense articles earmarked for future foreign use, capped each year and limited in location. From Stockpiles, overseas staff and major non-NATO allies

Wash post

Taking accountability for excess items where they stand, rather than moving them to a warehouse first. SAMM C12.5.5.3. From Humanitarian mine action and excess property transfers

WCN

Worksheet control number, the identifier a programmed training line and its student are held against. From Who may be trained, and what the program will not fund

Weapons fire detection

Acoustic systems that locate gunfire in under two seconds while on the move. From USML Category XI: sonar, radar and electronic warfare

Whole supply chain rule

From 1 January 2027, the restriction starts at mining or feedstock. From Magnets, tantalum and tungsten from covered countries

Within scope increase

The same project costing more. Up to ten percent is handled locally with a record in the file. From Changing a humanitarian project

Within-scope change

A contract or case change that keeps the original line’s surcharge rate. From How the administrative surcharge is applied

Without compensation

Unpaid service by people of outstanding experience and ability. From Staffing assistance programs

Without modification

A COTS item not modified before acceptance by the next tier up. From Exceptions to the specialty metals rule

Work in process

The billing status of government furnished material when it is shipped to, or paid for from, a contractor. From Pricing a new procurement for a sale

Accrued expenditures shown separately on the bill and not subject to the administrative surcharge. From The billing statement and delivery listing

Accrued expenditures such as progress payments, reported before an item is delivered. From Delivery reporting on a case

Work year

2087 personnel hours, the divisor used to test whether a salary figure is reasonable. From Who pays for the people on a case

Worker rights notice

The posted list of nine employee rights, in English and the workforce’s languages. From Conduct, rights and accountability for deployed contractors

Working capital

The partner’s cash balance not tied to a projected expenditure. From Special billing arrangements

Working capital fund

A fund that recovers its costs through charges and returns any excess to the Treasury. From Contracting authority and the five-year limit

The revolving fund whose exposure closeout is required to minimize. From Cooperative logistics supply support arrangements

Working days notice

The 45 working days of notice Congress gets before a national security waiver. From Missile sanctions on foreign persons

Worksheet control number

The four-digit identifier for each student or team in a training program. From How the foreign military training report is built

Write-off authority

Authority to clear small imbalances by charging the administrative surcharge account. From Year end, write-offs and the Antideficiency Act

Written uniform authorization

The combatant commander’s authorization, carried at all times, to wear uniform items. From Government support to deployed contractors

WTO GPA threshold

$174,000 for supplies and services and $6,683,000 for construction, in the current FAR. From How trade agreements affect federal purchases

Y

Year-end OA request

The request used to withdraw reimbursable authority not needed at the end of a fiscal year. From Year end, write-offs and the Antideficiency Act